mosquitoes

Propoxur (Propoxure) is an insecticide used to control cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, and lawn and turf insects. Acute (short-term) exposure of humans to propoxur by ingestion leads to cholinesterase inhibition of red blood cells, with mild cholinergic symptoms including blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and tachycardia; however, the effects are transient. Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure has resulted in depressed cholinesterase levels, headaches, vomiting, and nausea in humans. Chronic ingestion studies in animals have reported depressed cholinesterase levels, depressed body weight, effects to the liver and bladder, and a slight increase in neuropathy. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of propoxur in humans. Mixed results are available from cancer studies of propoxur in animals. EPA has not classified propoxur for carcinogenicity.

Temephos (Temefos) is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Temephos is an organothiophosphate insecticide, used in the therapy of water infested with disease-carrying insects including midges, mosquitoes, and black fly larvae.

Propetamphos, an organophosphate pesticide, can effectively control cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, and other pests. It is also effective for cattle lice.

S-WJM992 (compound 10ahb) serves as an antiparasitic agent, effectively inhibiting ATPase activity in high [Na+] environments. It also significantly counteracts parasites resistant to PfATP4 inhibitors. Additionally, S-WJM992 acts as a potential transmission blocker by impeding gamete development and halting the transmission of parasites to mosquitoes during blood feeding.

Pyrethrins, a mixture of insecticidal compounds derived from the Chrysanthemum flower, demonstrate efficacy against C. fatigans mosquitoes at a concentration of 200 mg/ft^2, either alone or when combined with piperonyl butoxide on glass, wood, or mud panels, maintaining effectiveness for 3-4 weeks. This compound exhibits toxicity through oral administration and inhalation in rats (LC50s = 700 and 1,030 mg/kg for females and males, respectively; LD50= 3.4 mg/L) and to rainbow trout (LC50= 52.2 µg/L), highlighting its broad-spectrum insecticidal capabilities. Pyrethrins are utilized in agricultural and horticultural insect control formulations. Designed solely for research and analytical applications, this product is restricted to controlled laboratory environments and is not available in bulk sizes.

Odoratone shows insecticidal activities, it shows mortality on fourth instar larvae of mosquitoes (Anopheles stephensi) with LC(50) values of 154 ppm. Odoratone exhibits strong antifeedant activity against Pieris brassicae.

Pulixin inhibits FREP1 binding to P. falciparum-infected cell lysate, obstructs parasite transmission to mosquitoes with an EC50 of 11 µM, and impedes asexual-stage P. falciparum proliferation with an EC50 of 47 nM [1].

Picaridin (Lcaridin) is a topical insect repellent.

RE 11775 is used as a carbamate insecticide with promising activity against organophosphorus-resistant mosquitoes.

Bisazir effects male sterility in Anopheles albimanus mosquitoes.

HNMPA-(AM)3 inhibits activation of ERK phosphorylation and stimulation of ecdysteroid production by prothyrotropin (PTTH). Furthermore, HNMPA-(AM)3 had inhibitory effects on ecdysteroid production (IC50=14.2 μM) and insulin receptor activity (IC50=14.2 μM and 200 μM, in mosquitoes and mammals, respectively).

Fenoxycarb (Insegar) is an insecticide against mosquitoes.

Terallethrin, a pesticide, controls flying insects including houseflies, mosquitoes, and wasps.

Evodol may as an anti-inflammatory agent or lead compound, it shows inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide -activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Evodol and limonin possess larvicidal activity against the Asian tiger mosquitoe

P-orlandin, a fungal metabolite, effectively impedes Plasmodium falciparum infection in mosquitoes by preventing FREP1 from binding to gametocytes or ookinetes [1].

Butopyronoxyl is an insect repellent primarily used to ward off mosquitoes (mainly used to repel mosquitoes).

D-Phenothrin ((-)-trans-Phenothrin) is a type II synthetic pyrethroid extensively employed in veterinary medicine for pest control on animals, crop protection, and the elimination of insects, mosquitoes, and human lice.

Calarene, an insecticide derived from the stem of Kadsura heteroclite, is toxic to Meloidogyne incognita, Sitophilus zeamais, and mosquitoes, and can be utilized in the research of plant pests and mosquito control [1] [2].