fungi,candida

Embeconazole (R 120758) is a triazole antifungal agent.Embeconazole has strong in vitro activity against clinically important fungi such as Candida, Aspergillus and Cryptococcus neoformans.

Fluconazole (UK-49858) belongs to the triazole class of antifungal agents and is a CYP51 inhibitor (IC99 = 0.20–0.39 μg/mL against Candida albicans), possessing broad-spectrum antifungal activity, good oral absorption, and cell permeability. This compound is used for the treatment of various invasive fungal infections.

1-Decanol inhibits various bacteria and fungi, including Candida albicans, Penicillium, Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Propionibacterium, and others.

(-)-Menthyl acetate exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 0.12 to 8.0 μL/mL against pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. It also inhibits fungal biofilm formation. (-)-Menthyl acetate enhances the skin permeability of 5-aminoacetopropionic acid, making it a potential tool for studying transdermal drug absorption.

Undecanal exhibits inhibitory activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC, Candida albicans, and fungi, and is widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Lanoconazole is an antifungal imidazole drug used primarily for the treatment of fungal skin infections that is potent and orally available. It acts by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, increasing the permeability of fungal cell membranes, leading to cell lysis and death. Lanoconazole exhibits potent antifungal activity against a wide range of pathogenic fungi including yeast, dermatophytes, dermatiaceous fungi, dimorphic fungi, Aspergihs spp., and Candida spp..

HDM-IN-1 (Compound A4) is an inhibitor of fungal histone demethylase (HDM) that inhibits H3K27me3 in Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida auris, with IC50 values of 134 nM and 12 nM, respectively. It demonstrates inhibitory activity against these fungi by preventing biofilm and capsule formation, with an MIC80 of 0.5-2 μg/mL. Additionally, HDM-IN-1 exhibits antifungal activity in ICR mouse models.

Group II intron-IN-1 (Compound 1) is an inhibitor of fungal Group II introns with an IC50 of 3 μM. It is applicable in research related to infections caused by fungi such as Candida species.

Piroctone is a potent hydroxypyridone antibacterial agent with significant antifungal activity against various fungi, including the genus Candida. It inhibits the hyphal formation of Candida albicans. Additionally, Piroctone effectively chelates intracellular iron, leading to notable cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells. It is utilized in research on antimicrobial activity and neuroblastoma.

Antifungalagent 145 (Compound 14') is a potent antifungal agent. It exhibits minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4, 8, and 8 μg/mL against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Cryptococcus neoformans, respectively. By disrupting fungal cell membranes, Antifungalagent 145 rapidly eradicates fungi and effectively inhibits and degrades biofilms. It offers improved safety for use in antifungal research.

Fluconazole (hydrate) is a triazole antifungal agent used for oral treatment and prevention of both superficial and systemic fungal infections, including but not limited to balanitis, various Candida infections, Cryptococcus infections, dermatomycosis, and fungal infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts. As the hydrate salt form of fluconazole, it exhibits antifungal activity by inhibiting the growth and development of pathogenic fungi, such as Candida species, at minimal inhibitory concentrations often exceeding 100 mg/l. Notably, it disrupts the branching and hyphal formation in C. albicans at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/l, indicating its potency compared to other antifungals like miconazole and ketoconazole which are effective at 100-fold lower concentrations. Clinical studies have not shown a significant increase in the risk of most birth defects with oral fluconazole, although there may be an associated risk of tetralogy of Fallot. Its efficacy against Cryptococcus gattii in koalas suggests it may be ineffective as a sole therapeutic agent at a dosage of 10 mg/kg orally every 12 h. Toxicity symptoms from overdose can include hallucinations and paranoid behavior.

Dactylfungins A is a novel antifungal antibiotic produced by Dactylaria Parvispora. The antibiotics were active against Candida pseudotropicalis and other fungi, with a MIC value of fewer than 10 micrograms/ml.

Dactylfungins B is a novel antifungal antibiotic produced by Dactylaria Parvispora. The antibiotics were active against Candida pseudotropicalis and other fungi, with a MIC value of fewer than 10 micrograms/ml.

T-2307 is an antibiotic commonly used against Candida, exhibiting broad-spectrum antifungal activity against most pathogenic fungi in vitro and in vivo. It selectively induces collapse of yeast mitochondrial membrane potential and can be used for invasive fungal infections.

FTR1335 is a CaNMT inhibitor (IC50 = 0.49 nM) with good fungal selectivity. CaNMT inhibitors are fungicidal and show antifungal activity against Candida (especially fluconazole-resistant strains). They function by inhibiting N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), which catalyzes the transfer of a C14 fatty acif from myristoyl-CoA to the N-terminal of glycine in many fungal proteins. Without this process, fungi can die. This process also occurs in humans, and as such selectivity is an important characteristic of these drugs.

Antifungal Agent 53 (A03), a potent Candida albicans CYP51 inhibitor, exhibits antifungal activity by preventing fungi biofilm formation and demonstrates good safety [1].

Enfumafungin is a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from endophytic fungi, exhibiting antifungal activity against Candida and Aspergillus species by inhibiting (1,3)-β-D-glucan synthesis.

Antifungal agent 73 (compound A32) effectively combats azole-resistant candidiasis by disrupting the fungal cell wall and membrane, demonstrating potent in vivo activity against pathogenic fungi, including fluconazole-resistant strains [1].

Naftifine-d3 is the deuterium-labeled version of Naftifine. Naftifine hydrochloride is an antibiotic with antifungal properties that inhibits dermatophytes, Aspergillus, Sporothrix schenckii, and Candida yeasts. It is utilized in studies focused on the inhibition of superficial skin fungi.

1-Decanol (Standard) is the standard substance of 1-Decanol, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 1-Decanol inhibits various bacteria and fungi, including Candida albicans, Penicillium, Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, Propionibacterium, and others.

Bullatenone is a volatile bioactive compound found in Lophomyrtus bullata, exhibiting insecticidal, anti-ulcer, UV-protective, and antifungal properties. It inhibits the growth of fungi such as Candida albicans and Cladosporium resinae. Bullatenone may be used for research into diseases like inflammation and infections.

Chondramide C exhibits activity against Candida, Hansenula, Lipomyces, Sporobolomyces, and other fungi, yet it shows no activity against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.

Chondramide A exhibits antifungal activity against Candida, Hansenula, Lipomyces, and Saccharomyces, as well as other fungi, but it does not show activity against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.

9-Hydroxyoudemansin A exhibits antifungal activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 μg/mL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It shows resistance to fungi such as Candida albicans, Rhodotorula, Penicillium, and Streptomyces, with MIC values all exceeding 50 μg/mL. It does not possess antibacterial properties.