excitatory

Cardioexcitatory peptide 1, a potent neuropeptide derived from Achatina atria, exerts significant excitatory effects on cardiac function, additionally influencing the motility of muscular tissues and neural activities [1].

D-GsMTx4 TFA, a selective spider venom peptide, is a TRPC1 6 and Piezo2 inhibitor that inhibits cation-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families, blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs), and attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglia reactivity. toxicity and microglia reactivity.D-GsMTx4 TFA prevented myocardial infarction in a mouse model of ischemia reperfusion and can be used to characterize the role of excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology.

Calcineurin Autoinhibitory Peptide acetate is a selectivecalcineurin phosphatase inhibitor(IC50 ~ 10 μM). Calcineurin Autoinhibitory Peptide acetate can be used in the protection of neurons from excitatory neuronal death.

α-Pompilidotoxin (α-PMTX), a neurotoxin sourced from Anoplius samanensis venom, reversibly and dose-dependently enhances excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), serving as a valuable tool in neuroscience research [1].

Calcicludine, a protein toxin derived from the green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps) venom, selectively inhibits high-voltage-activated, particularly L-type, calcium channels with an IC50 of 88 nM and plays a role in excitatory synaptic transmission [1] [2].

L-Homocysteic acid (L-HCA), an endogenous excitatory amino acid, serves as a NMDA receptor agonist (EC 50: 14 μM) and exhibits neurotoxic properties. It is utilized in the study of neurological disorders [1] [2] [3].

Substance P (1-9) is a nonapeptide that reduces the inactivation of substance P in the guinea-pig ileum and urinary bladder, and is responsible for various excitatory effects on central and peripheral neurons.

NSC-119128 is an excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) inhibitor.

Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate (Hypocretin-1) is an excitatory neuropeptide with analgesic properties. It activates Orexin-1 (OX1R) and Orexin-2 (OX2R) receptors, used for studying neurodegenerative diseases.

Troriluzole is an orally active glutamate modulator with anticancer activity.Troriluzole enhances the expression of excitatory amino acid transporters located in glial cells and is used in the study of spinocerebellar ataxia, Alzheimer's disease, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

[1,6-Aminosuberic acid]-arginine-Vasotocin, a synthetic peptide analogous to neurohypophyseal hormones, exerts an excitatory effect on the periodically oscillating neuron (PON) of A. fulica [1].

Calcineurin Autoinhibitory Peptide TFA is a selective inhibitor of Ca2+ calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin), exhibiting an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of approximately 10 μM. This compound has been shown to protect neurons from excitatory neuronal death [1] [2].

[Nle11]-Substance P is a Substance P analog designed to prevent methionine oxidation, found in both the gut and brain, and is responsible for various excitatory effects on central and peripheral neurons.

Orexin A human, rat, mouse, a 33 amino acid excitatory neuropeptide, orchestrates diverse central and peripheral processes. Orexin A human, rat, mouse has been used to study its effect on the functioning of porcine pancreatic islets. It has also been used as an orexin receptor 1 (OX1R) agonist to study the effect of orexin systems in the effect of etonogestrel on respiratory response to prolonged metabolic acidosis.