dpph

DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) is a cell-permeable, stable free radical commonly used to evaluate the free radical scavenging ability, hydrogen donation capacity of compounds, and to measure the antioxidant activity of tissue extracts.

1. Oxyresveratro can inhibit tyrosinase activity. 2. Oxyresveratro is useful to trauma models, as toxicity to glia could be beneficial by inhibiting reactive gliosis. 3. Oxyresveratrol (trans-Oxyresveratrol) has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2.

Maclurin (NSC-83240) is a phenolic component of mulberry twigs, exerts anti-metastatic effects. Maclurin effectively protects against OH-induced damages to DNA and MSCs and can be used in studies about the prevention of many diseases or MSCs transplantation.

5-Hydroxyoxindole has been identified as a urinary metabolite of indole, which is produced from tryptophane via the tryptophanase activity of gut bacteria [1]. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has lipid peroxidation inhibition activity and free radical DPPH scavenging

OsMundacetone (4-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one) is a natual product isolated from Rhizoma osmundae.

Isobutylshikonin exhibits obvious antioxidant activities , it exerts very good radical scavenging activities toward ABTS+ but shows moderate inhibition of DPPH·.

Isookanin shows strong diphenyl(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 7.9 ± 0.53 μM. Isookanin is a potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC50=0.447 mg/ml).

Rhamnocitrin can enhance the immune function, improve the formation of spleen cells of mice serum hemolysin of chicken red blood cell immune.

Atherosperminine shows cholinesterase inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Atherosperminine shows strong anti-plasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with the IC50 value of 5.80 uM, it also s

Altenusin is a natural nonsteroidal fungal metabolite, as a novel selective agonist of FXR with an EC50 value of 3.2 ± 0.2 μM.

Glucosamine (Chitosamine) is a natural product. Glucosamine is used as a dietary supplement. Glucosamine has pharmacological effects on cartilage and chondrocytes in osteoarthritis when used externally. Glucosamine regulates sugar metabolism. Glucosamine reduces the activity of glucoskinase in pancreatic islet homogenate.

(E)-Ferulic acid methyl ester (Methyl (E)-ferulate) is a potential inhibitor of the mitogen-activated phosphor kinase pathway and an anti-inflammatory agent first isolated from the medicinal plant S. tuberosa. Additionally, it shows promising anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus.

Hydroxytyrosol Acetate (HTy-Ac) is found in the olive oil with antioxidant activity.

α-Amylase-IN-1 is an α-Amylase inhibitor (IC50: 0.5509 μM). α-Amylase-IN-1 has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 53.49 μM for scavenging of DPPH free radicals, and can be used in the study of diabetes and oxidative stress-related diseases.

Vanillylmandelic acid, the end product of the metabolism of catecholamines, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, has antioxidant activity and is commonly used to help diagnose pheochromocytoma, as well as its elevation in association with depressive symptoms.

Wushanicaritin is a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium plants, with antitumor effects and anti-inflammatory property.

Caulophylline B, an alkaloid extracted from the roots of Caulophyllum robustum Maxim, affords a low scavenging effect against DPPH radical.

4'-Methoxyflavonol is a synthetic flavonol with an additional 3-hydroxyl group and higher antioxidant capacity than 4'-Methoxyflavone.4'-Methoxyflavonol interacts with the lipid bilayer of DPPC model membranes, and is capable of scavenging free radicals and antioxidant activity in DPPH assays, and exhibits some antiproliferative activity against K562 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines.

4-Methoxyphenyl isothiocyanate (4-Methylphenyl ITC) is recognized as an antioxidant demonstrating an IC50 of 1.25 mM for scavenging DPPH free radicals. Its antioxidant capacity, as shown by the ORAC test, is 11.7 mM TE, equivalent to the efficacy of 11.7 mmol Trolox under similar conditions. Additionally, it extends the oxidation process in the Briggs–Rauscher reaction by approximately 9180 seconds. The compound also exhibits moderate cholinesterase inhibitory activity, with an inhibition rate of 30.4% for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 17.9% for butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Research suggests 4-Methoxyphenyl isothiocyanate holds promise for applications in antioxidant and neurological disorder studies.

AChE BuChE-IN-6 (Compound 11f) is an inhibitor of AChE and BuChE, with IC50 values of 1.24 and 1.85 μg mL, respectively. It exhibits strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 3.15 μg mL). In vivo toxicity studies demonstrate that AChE BuChE-IN-6 is safe, showing no significant differences in blood and biochemical parameters compared to controls, and no abnormalities in liver and kidney tissues. This compound shows potential for Alzheimer's disease research.

Ferroleuton is a selective competitive inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase with an IC50 of 0.21 μM. It demonstrates antioxidant properties, clearing 86% of DPPH at 50 μM and exhibiting activities in ABTS (EC50 = 19.42 μM) and FRAP (EC50 = 3.32 μM) assays.

BRCA2-IN-1 (Compound 3j) is a potential BRCA2 inhibitor with antiproliferative activity against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. This compound also demonstrates DPPH radical scavenging ability, with an IC50 value of 12.36 µM.

RuDiOBn exhibits low antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals with scavenging rates of 13.2% and 5.9% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. It inhibits collagen glycation and reduces the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) with an IC50 of 2.45 μg/mL. RuDiOBn also enhances fibroblast proliferation and migration, stimulates collagen synthesis, and aids in skin repair and regeneration while inhibiting collagenase.

BRCA2-IN-2 (Compound 3i) exhibits strong binding affinity with the BRCA2 protein. This compound effectively inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells and can eliminate DPPH radicals. BRCA2-IN-2 also demonstrates both antitumor and antioxidant activities.