dermatophytes

Pramiconazole (R126638) is an orally available antifungal compound.Pramiconazole is a candidate for the treatment of dermatophytes and cutaneous yeast infections in seborrheic dermatitis.

Olorofim(F-901318)is a novel selective antifungal compound targeting pyrimidine biosynthesis in mycobacteria, with inhibitory effect on Aspergillus fumigatus DHODH (IC50: 44 nM), but little inhibitory effect on human DHODH (>100 uM).Olorofim has good efficacy against a variety of pathogenic filamentous and dimorphic fungi, such as Penicillium spp, P. dermatitidis spp and Fusarium spp.

Kukoamine B mesylate is a novel cationic alkaloid derived from dermatophytes with antioxidant activity, inhibits LPS internalization in Kupffer and RAW 264.7 cells, and can be used to study acute inflammation and diabetes.

Terbinafine hydrochloride (KWD 2019) is a synthetic allylamine derivative structurally related to naftifine. Terbinafine is active against dermatophytes.

Butoconazole Nitrate is the nitrate salt form of butoconazole, a synthetic imidazole derivative with fungistatic properties. Butoconazole nitrate (RS 35887) interferes with steroid biosynthesis by inhibiting the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, thereby changing the fungal cell membrane lipid composition. This alters cell permeability and leads to growth inhibition. Butoconazole nitrate is active against many dermatophytes and yeasts. It also contains antibacterial effects against some gram-positive organisms.

Liranaftate (Piritetrate) is a thiocarbamate and squalene epoxidase inhibitor with antifungal activity. Liranaftate inhibits fungal squalene epoxidase, an enzyme that plays a key role in the synthesis of sterol which is essential for cell membrane integrity. By preventing ergosterol synthesis and causing accumulation of squalene, this agent increases cell membrane permeability, cell leakage and eventually cell lysis.

Naftifine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of naftifine, an allylamine derivate with synthetic broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Although the exact mechanism through which naftifine hydrochloride exerts its effect is unknown, it appears to selectively inhibit the enzyme squalene 2, 3-epoxidase, thereby inhibiting the biosynthesis of sterol. This results in a decreased amount of sterols, especially ergosterol which is the primary fungal membrane sterol, and a corresponding accumulation of squalene in fungal cells. Naftifine hydrochloride (Naftifine HCl) can be fungicidal as well as fungistatic to yeasts depending on the concentration and the organisms involved.

ME1111, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor of Trichophyton species, serves as an antifungal agent effective against dermatophytes. Notably proficient in penetrating human nails, it is utilized in onychomycosis research.

Lanoconazole is an antifungal imidazole drug used primarily for the treatment of fungal skin infections that is potent and orally available. It acts by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, increasing the permeability of fungal cell membranes, leading to cell lysis and death. Lanoconazole exhibits potent antifungal activity against a wide range of pathogenic fungi including yeast, dermatophytes, dermatiaceous fungi, dimorphic fungi, Aspergihs spp., and Candida spp..

Pyrroxamycin is a new antibiotic. Pyrroxamycin was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. S46506. Pyrroxamycin is active against Gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes.

Actinopyrone A is a pyrone isolated from S. pactum with diverse biological activities, showing selective and potent antimicrobial activity against H. pylori (MIC = 0.1 ng mL) and no activity against other Gram-negative bacteria including E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and B. fragilis. It mildly inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes with MIC values ranging from <6.25 to 25 μg mL. Intravenous administration of actinopyrone A (30 μg kg) increases coronary blood flow in dogs by 196.2%.

Parconazole Free Base is used in veterinary as an oral fungicide with a broad-spectrum activity against dermatophytes, yeasts, and others fungi. This compound does not have any antibacterial effect. The mechanism of action involves inhibition of the fungal cytochrome P450 dependent 14alpha-dimethylation of lanosterol to ergosterol.

Cladosporin, a metabolite derived from the mycelium of Cladosporium cladosporioides, effectively halts the growth of several dermatophytes on agar medium when applied at a concentration of 75 µg mL, demonstrating its potent antifungal property.

Medicagenic acid (Castanogenin), isolated from the roots of Herniaria glabra L, exhibits potent fungistatic effects against several plant pathogens and human dermatophytes.

Compound 2d (Antibacterial agent 188) serves as an antibacterial agent that suppresses the activity of dermatophytes [1].

Terbinafine-d3 hydrochloride is a deuterated compound of Terbinafine hydrochloride. Terbinafine hydrochloride has a CAS number of 78628-80-5. Terbinafine Hydrochloride is a synthetic allylamine derivative structurally related to naftifine. Terbinafine is active against dermatophytes.

Plumieride has plant growth inhibiting properties, it shows strong fungitoxicity against some dermatophytes causing dermatomycosis to animals and human beings. Plumieride also has antioxidant , and immunomodulatory activities.

Vaccarin C (Compound VIII) is a cyclic heptapeptide with significant antifungal activity, demonstrating a MIC of 6 µg mL against pathogenic fungi and dermatophytes M. audouinii and T. mentagrophytes. It also exhibits high cytotoxicity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines, with CTC50 values of 3.35 and 5.72 μmol L, respectively.

Exalamide (2-(Hexyloxy)benzamide) is an aromatic amide with antifungal activity used in the study of dermatophytes.