decomposition

Diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) is a formaldehyde-releasing preservative used in cosmetics and personal-care products,

Cetyl glycol (NSC-71525) favors the decomposition of the metal-organic precursor, formation of an intermediate Co(2+)Fe(3+)-oleate complex, and the nucleation of nanoparticles at lower temperatures. Cetyl glycol is a reducing agent that can be used in cosmetics.

D-(+)-Trehalose (Mycose) can inhibit the decomposition of collagen, so it can be used to improve osteoporosis.

Diethyl fumarate, a decomposition product of the pesticide Malathion, causes nonimmune contact urticaria on the skin.

3-Pyridylacetic acid hydrochloride (3-PAA-HCl) is a high homologue of niacin. It is a decomposition product of nicotine (and other tobacco alkaloids). It can also react with amines, alcohols and carboxylic acids, and can also act as an acid in the reaction. catalyst.

3-Benzoylpyridine (Phenyl 3-pyridyl ketone) is a decomposition product of HGG-12 which is the soman antidote.

Tri-Salicylic Acid, a product of the thermal decomposition of aspirin, is a compound for proteomics research.

Fe-TMPyP binds to the prion protein PrP and inhibits misfolding. Fe-TMPyP is also a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst.

Mn(III)TMPyP is a manganese-porphyrin which acts as a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic and peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. SOD mimetics described to date are unstable and are capable of catalyzing undesired side-reactions in addition to the dismutation of the superoxide radical (O2-). Mn(III)TMPyP is an SOD mimetic with increased stability to pH and hydrogen peroxide. The rate constant for superoxide dismutation and peroxynitrite decomposition are 3.9 x 107 M-1s-1 and ~2 x 106 M-1s-1, respectively. Mn(III)TMPyP protected and enhanced the growth of SOD E. coli with a doubling time of 60 minutes (as compared to 240 minutes of the control) at 25 µM.

FeTPPS, a decomposition catalyst for 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin iron(III) chloride peroxynitrite, exhibits marked neuroprotective effects in experimental spinal cord injury models. It reduces cerebral tissue inflammation and damage, inhibits nitric oxide production and apoptosis, and may be employed in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research.

AAPH is a water-soluble azo compound which is used extensively as a free radical generator, often in the study of lipid peroxidation and the characterization of antioxidants.[1],[2],[3],[4] Decomposition of AAPH produces molecular nitrogen and 2 carbon radicals. The carbon radicals may combine to produce stable products or react with molecular oxygen to give peroxyl radicals. The half-life of AAPH is about 175 hours (37°C at neutral pH), making the rate of free radical generation essentially constant during the first several hours in solution.[5] While AAPH may be used effectively for lipid peroxidation in aqueous dispersions of fatty acids, other radical generators may be better suited for peroxidation studies in lipid micelles or membranes.[6],[7]

Suc-Leu-Tyr-AMC Acetate inhibited casein decomposition at high concentrations.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonate and linoeate, while essential to health maintenance, are subject to random peroxidation by ambient oxygen, resulting in fragmented and reactive decomposition products. One prominent autoxidation product of either trilinolein or arachidonic acid is trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-decenal. One prominent autoxidation product of either trilinolein or arachidonic acid is trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-decenal. This aldehyde is responsible for a pungent metallic flavor of decomposed lipids, with a detection threshold of 1.5 pg/l in air.[1] trans-4,5-epoxy-2(E)-Decenal also reacts with nucleophiles (lysine amino groups) on proteins, leading to loss of cell function and viability.[2] This reactive aldehyde is therefore a useful tool in elucidating the effects of peroxidative damage in experimental models.

2,5-Deoxyfructosazine is a pyrazine derivative found in cured tobacco and used as a flavoring agent in the food and tobacco industry. It can be produced via pyrolytic decomposition of natural compounds or through the reaction of sugars with alcoholic ammonia. Additionally, it forms from the breakdown of D-glucosamine at neutral pH. Similar to glucosamine, 2,5-deoxyfructosazine exhibits DNA strand breakage activity and strongly inhibits IL-2 production by Jurkat cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (IC50 = ~1.25 mM).

2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane is a byproduct of the decomposition of Dicumylperoxide (DCP) and serves as an initiator for Diallyl orthophthalate (DAOP), a reactive plasticizer used to enhance the processing of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) in manufacturing.

HTS07545 is a potent sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase inhibitor (IC50: 30 nM) that reduces the rate of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) decomposition and has been used in heart failure studies.

Aldolase, a glycolytic enzyme and component of the VATPase complex, catalyzes the decomposition of fructose 1,6-diphosphate into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate [1].

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that alternatively catalyzes the disproportionate decomposition of superoxide anion radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, is an important antioxidant defense mechanism that effectively reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibits neutrophil infiltration into sites of tissue damage.

XLR11, a synthetic cannabinoid (CB) featuring a tetramethylcyclopropyl group, exhibits enhanced affinity for the CB2 receptor, common among synthetic CBs for its receptor affinity. XLR11 degradant, a frequent impurity identified in GC-MS analysis of XLR11-containing samples, originates from the thermal decomposition of XLR11, leading to an opened ring structure. This change results in a distinct fragment ion in mass spectrometry, being 15 amu heavier than XLR11's base peak. Such a signature is indicative of a McLafferty rearrangement in the degradant, a reaction not observed in the parent compound.

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a primary enzymatic prostaglandin derived from PGH2 and is abundantly produced in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by the lipocalin-type PGD synthase, and peripherally by myeloid cells such as mast cells and basophils via a hematopoietic-type PGD synthase. PGD2 is chemically unstable and presents challenges for use and analysis due to its brief in vivo half-life. Δ12-PGD2, an initial decomposition product of PGD2, acts as an intermediate in the pathway to Δ12-PGJ2, a cyclopentenone prostaglandin known for its antimitotic and carcinogenic properties. The metabolism of Δ12-PGD2 involves the addition of thiol nucleophiles, a common pathway for many cyclopentenone prostaglandins.

1,3-Dilinoleoyl glycerol, a diacylglycerol, incorporates linoelaidic acid at both the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. This compound emerges from the collision-induced decomposition of synthetic linoleic ammoniated triglycerides.

Humic acid is a compound formed by microbial decomposition of plant and animal remains and is widely found in mountains, rivers and lakes.Humic acid enhances the degradation of pyrene by Mycobacterium smegmatis NJS-1.Humic acid inhibits the formation of Microcystis aeruginosa colonies at high iron levels.

L-Hydroxy arginine dihydrochloride is a stable intermediate in the decomposition metabolism of L-arginine.

Casein Agar is applicable for the casein decomposition test of Bacillus cereus. Each liter of Casein Agar medium contains: 10.0 g casein, 3.0 g beef extract powder, 5.0 g sodium chloride, 2.0 g dipotassium phosphate, and 15.0 g agar.