cytochrome

Cytochrome c - pigeon (88-104) Acetate (Cytochrome c - pigeon ) is specific for a peptide within the COOH-terminal sequence 88-1041. 

Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 (190-198) [Homo sapiens] is a peptide from Cytochrome c, which is a small heme protein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. Cytochromes c from certain eukaryotes, including plants and fungi but not higher animals, contains methylated lysine residues at specific positions1. Cytochrome c is a required cofactor for Apaf-1 function2.

Moth Cytochrome C (MCC) (88-103), derived from the carboxyl terminus of moth cytochrome c, induces positive selection of TCR transgenic thymocytes. Thymic positive and negative selections govern the development of a self-MHC-reactive, yet self-tolerant, T cell repertoire.

Cytochrome c fragment (93-108) is a peptide from Cytochrome c, which is a small heme protein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. Cytochromes c from certain eukaryotes, including plants and fungi but not higher animals, contains methylated lysine residues at specific positions1. Cytochrome c is a required cofactor for Apaf-1 function2.

Gramicidin S (Gramicidin Soviet), a cationic cyclic peptide antibiotic, disrupts the membrane integrity of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and inhibits cytochrome bd quinol oxidase [1].

PUMA BH3 is a p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) BH3 domain peptide that acts as a direct activator of Bak with a Kd of 26 nM. PUMA proteins bind Bcl-2, localize to the mitochondria, and induce cytochrome C release and apoptosis in response to p53, potentially mediating p53-induced apoptosis.

Promethazine sulfoxide, a metabolite of the histamine H1 receptor antagonist promethazine, is produced via the action of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP2D6, converting promethazine into this compound.

IP3RCYT is an inhibitory peptide of IP3R that can prevent cytochrome C from binding with IP3R, with an IC50 of approximately 100 nM. It regulates intracellular calcium signaling. Additionally, IP3RCYT inhibits apoptosis in HeLa and Jurkat cells treated with staurosporine or membrane-bound Fas ligand (FasL).

6-Hydroxy Buspirone, an active metabolite of the anxiolytic compound buspirone, is produced via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP3A4. This compound exhibits affinity for the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A, demonstrating efficacy in the rat hippocampus and dorsal raphe with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50s) of 4 and 1 µM, respectively. Furthermore, 6-Hydroxy Buspirone acts as a potent antagonist against dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptors with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of 3.1, 4.9, and 0.85 µM, respectively, and inhibits the organic cation transporters 1 (OCT1), OCT2, and OCT3 in S2 proximal tubule cells expressing human transporters, showcasing a concentration-dependent mechanism.

HKPao (Hunter-killer peptide ao) is a biologically active peptide with dual functionality, exhibiting anti-obesity and anti-tumor pro-apoptotic activities by inducing cytochrome c release from vesicles, thus significantly contributing to cellular apoptosis [1].