cysteine

Cysteine thiol probe (Methyl (4-bromobenzoyl)-L-cysteinate) is a chemoselective thiol probe for detection of electrophilic metabolites

S-1-Propenyl-L-cysteine, a stereoisomer of S-allyl-l-cysteine, exhibits immunomodulatory effects and has been shown to decrease blood pressure in hypertensive animal models.

D-Ribose-L-cysteine is the antioxidant glutathione precursor.

S-(3-Carboxypropyl)-L-cysteine is a thioether derivative of L-cysteine.

Paracetamol-cysteine TFA (APAP-Cys TFA) is a metabolite of Paracetamol, a biomarker of paracetamol metabolism.

L-Cysteine-glutathione disulfide is a potential biomarker for curing tuberculosis, present in mammalian cells with hepatoprotective effects, useful in acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity research.

S-(2-Carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (S-Carboxyethylcysteine), a modified sulfur amino acid found in Acacia seeds, influences protein utilization and suppresses methionine-induced growth rates in rats, while adversely affecting plasma amino acid concentrations in these animals [1].

S-(N-Methylsulfinylbutylthiocarbamoyl)-L-cysteine (SFN-Cys) is an isothiocyanate derivative, functioning as an active metabolite of sulforaphane, a class I and II histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, and anticancer agent. This compound is generated from sulforaphane through intermediates - DL-sulforaphane glutathione and sulforaphane cysteinylglycine - via the mercapturic acid pathway enzymes. At a concentration of 20 µM, SFN-Cys diminishes invasion and migration of U87MG and U373 MG glioblastoma cells as observed in wound healing and chamber assays. Furthermore, at 45 µM, it significantly lowers the expression of α-tubulin, βIII-tubulin, stathmin 1, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and also reduces cell density in paclitaxel-resistant A549 lung cancer cells (A549/T). Additionally, when used at 30 µM, SFN-Cys prompts apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in U87MG and U373 MG cells.

S-(2-Carboxypropyl)cysteine is a urinary metabolite of S-(2-Carboxypropyl)glutathione.

Cysteine-S-Acetamide-CoA (Cysteine-S-Acetamide-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

Beta-3-cysteine-CoA (Beta-3-cysteine-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

L-Cysteine-CoA (L-Cysteine-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

Thiarsahydroxy-cysteine-CoA (Thiarsahydroxy-cysteine-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

S-(Dimethylarsenic)cysteine-CoA (S-(Dimethylarsenic)cysteine-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

S-(Methylmercury)-L-cysteine-CoA (S-(Methylmercury)-L-cysteine-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

S-Acetyl-cysteine-CoA (S-Acetyl-cysteine-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

L-Cysteine (L-(+)-Cysteine) is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid in humans. L-Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. Found in beta-keratin, the main protein in nails, skin, and hair, L-Cysteine is important in collagen production, as well as skin elasticity and texture. Also required in the manufacture of amino acid taurine, L-Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione, and plays a role in the metabolism of essential biochemicals such as coenzyme A, heparin, and biotin.

Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an N-acetyl derivative of cysteine, a ROS inhibitor and mucolytic agent. Acetylcysteine induces apoptosis, can be used to reduce mucus thickness, and has anti-influenza viral activity.

L-Cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-Cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride (Acdrile)) is an antitussive and an expectorant agent, used to relieve breathing difficulties caused by mucus.

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine sodium salt shows a weak affinity for mGluR1α and mGluR5a at high concentrations and has potential antioxidant activity.

S-allyl-L-cysteine (S-Allylcysteine), a natural constituent of fresh garlic, has antioxidant and anticancer properties in animals.

S-trityl-L-Cysteine is a non-natural amino acid and an inhibitor of Eg5, also known as KSP and Kif11, a mitotic kinesin necessary for mitotic spindle formation. S-trityl-L-Cysteine inhibits the ATPase activity of Eg5 in basal and microtubule-stimulated states (IC50s = 1,000 and 140 nM, respectively). It is selective for Eg5 over nine other human kinesins in an enzyme-coupled assay. It reversibly inhibits Eg5-driven microtubule sliding velocity with an IC50 value of 500 nM using X. laevis recombinant Eg5. It induces cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells (IC50 = 700 nM), reversibly halting the cell cycle in the mitotic phase by inhibiting the separation of duplicated chromosomes and preventing bipolar spindle formation. S-trityl-L-Cysteine inhibits the growth of cancer cells in vitro when tested against the National Cancer Institute (NCI) 60 human cancer cell line panel (average GI50 = 1.3 μM) and in mouse xenograft models.

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester (NACET) is a derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine. NACET has been shown to exhibit diverse biochemical and physiological effects, including inhibition of protein synthesis, inhibition of DNA replication, and induction of apoptosis. Additionally, it has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity.

L-Cysteine S-sulfate (S-Sulfo-L-cysteine) is an effective N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptors agonist. L-Cysteine S-sulfate is the substrate for cystine lyase [1].