bovine neutrophils

14-Deoxyandrographolide is a bioactive compound of Andrographis paniculata with hepatoprotective efficacy. It desensitizes hepatocytes to TNF-α-mediated apoptosis through the release of TNFRSF1A release.

Bactenecin is a cyclic antimicrobial peptide isolated from bovine neutrophils with potent activity against Bacterial and Fungal species.

CYPMPO is a free radical spin trap with excellent trapping capabilities toward hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in biological and chemical systems. Decay of the superoxide adduct of CYPMPO proceeds in an apparent first order fashion with half-lives of 15 and 51 minutes in a UV-illuminated hydrogen peroxide solution and a hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. CYPMPO traps superoxide radicals generated by bovine neutrophils as effectively as DEPMPO.[1] The high melting point (126°C), low hygroscopic properties, and long shelf-life in aqueous solutions offer significant practical advantages for use of CYPMPO over DEPMPO and DMPO.

(±)5-HEPE is produced by non-enzymatic oxidation of EPA and contains equal amounts of 5(S)-HEPE and 5(R)-HEPE. The biological activity of (±)5-HEPE is likely mediated by one of the individual isomers, most commonly the 5(S) isomer in mammalian systems. EPA can be metabolized to 5-HEPE in human and bovine neutrophils, and human eosinophils, which is further metabolized to 5-oxoEPE and LTB5. The 5-series metabolites of EPA, including 5-HEPE, 5-oxoEPE, and LTB5, have significantly decreased biological effects compared to the arachidonic acid-derived metabolites.

Indolicidin TFA, a powerful antimicrobial peptide isolated from the cytoplasmic granules of bovine neutrophils [1], exhibits significant potency.

Bactenecin TFA (Bactenecin, bovine TFA), a potent 12-aa looped antimicrobial peptide derived from bovine neutrophils, effectively inhibits bacterial and yeast growth, eradicates Trichophyton rubrum fungus, enhances membrane permeability, and suppresses B. pseudomallei growth and biofilm formation [1] [2] [3].

Bovine neutrophil beta-defensin 12, an antimicrobial peptide originating from bovine neutrophils, exhibits antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus [1].

Bovine Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptide (BMAP) 28, a synthetic peptide derived from bovine cathelicidin-5 (amino acids 132-158), exhibits antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, MRSA, S. epidermidis, and the fungus C. albicans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2, 2, 4, 1, and 8 µM respectively. At a concentration of 200 nM, BMAP 28 permeabilizes the inner membrane of E. coli, and at 5 µM, it inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication in Vero 76 cells. Furthermore, at 30 µM, it causes hemolysis in human erythrocytes and cytotoxicity in human neutrophils. In vivo, a dose of 0.8 mg/kg enhances survival in mice infected with E. coli or MRSA, but not P. aeruginosa.