apoptosis

Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf-1, B-Raf, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, VEGFR4, PDGFRβ, FLT3, c-Kit, and others (IC50=6 22 90 15 20 20 57 58 nM) with oral activity. It exhibits antitumor properties and can induce autophagy, apoptosis, and agonistic iron death.

Mdivi-1 (Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1) is a mitochondrial division inhibitor that inhibits DRP1 and Dynamin I (IC50=1-10 μM). Mdivi-1 inhibits mitochondrial autophagy.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a uracil analog and inhibitor of DNA synthesis, exhibiting antitumor activity by affecting pyrimidine synthesis through thymidylate synthase inhibition; it induces apoptosis and autophagy.

Bortezomib (LDP 341) is a 20S proteasome inhibitor (Ki=0.6 nM) that is reversible and selective. Bortezomib has antitumor activity and inhibits NF-κB, which can disrupt the cell cycle and induce apoptosis.

LY294002 (SF 1101) is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of PI3K, inhibiting PI3Kα, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kβ (IC50=0.5 0.57 0.97 μM). LY294002 is also an inhibitor of DNA-PK (IC50=1.4 μM) and an inhibitor of CK2 (IC50=98 nM). LY294002 activates apoptosis and autophagy.

Gemcitabine (LY188011) is a synthetic cytosine nucleoside derivative and an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. Gemcitabine has antitumor and antimetabolic activities. Gemcitabine induces autophagy and apoptosis.

Rotenone (Rotocide) is a natural product and a botanical insecticide. Rotenone is a mitochondrial electron transport complex I inhibitor that promotes the production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria and induces apoptosis.

Trametinib (GSK1120212) is a MEK inhibitor that inhibits MEK1 and MEK2 (IC50=0.7 0.9 nM) with ATP non-competitive and oral activity. Trametinib activates autophagy and induces apoptosis.

Staurosporine (AM-2282) is a protein kinase inhibitor with ATP-competitive and non-selective inhibitory activity (IC50=6 15 2 3 3000 nM) against PKC, PKA, c-Fgr, phosphorylase kinase and TAOK2. Staurosporine also induces apoptosis.

Quercetin, a flavonoid natural product, is a SIRT1 activator. It is also a PI3K inhibitor, inhibiting PI3Kγ, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kβ with IC50 values of 2.4, 3.0, and 5.4 μM, respectively. Recognized as a heat shock protein inhibitor, Quercetin can significantly reduce exosome release in TII models by downregulating Hsp70 or Hsp90.

Decitabine (Deoxycytidine) is a deoxycytidine analog, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor with oral activity. Decitabine has antitumor activity and antimetabolic activity. Decitabine induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Ruxolitinib (INCB018424) is a JAK1 2 inhibitor (IC50=3.3 2.8 nM) that is potent and selective. Rixolitinib exhibits antitumor activity and induces autophagy and apoptosis.

SP600125 (JNK Inhibitor II) is a JNK inhibitor that inhibits JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 (IC50=40 40 90 nM) with oral potency, reversibility, and ATP-competitive properties. SP600125 inhibits autophagy and induces apoptosis.

AZD8055 is an ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor (IC50: 0.8 nM in MDA-MB-468 cells). It is ~1,000-fold selective for mTOR over all PI3K isoforms.

Eribulin mesylate (E7389 mesylate) (E7389 mesylate) inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells by binding microtubule proteins and microtubules. Eribulin mesylate (E7389 mesylate) is a microtubule targeting agent that is used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.

Verteporfin (BPD-MA) is a YAP inhibitor that inhibits YAP-TEAD interactions. Verteporfin is also a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy. Verteporfin also induces apoptosis and inhibits autophagy.

Resveratrol (SRT 501) is a polyphenolic natural product, a plant antitoxin with antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol has a wide range of targets including COX, SIRT, LOC, etc. Resveratrol induces autophagy and apoptosis.

Deferoxamine(Desferrioxamine B) is an iron chelator (binds Fe(III) and many other metal cations) that inhibits neuronopathy, may be used to modify the reduction of iron accumulation and deposition in tissues, and may improve neurological dysfunction by inhibiting ferroptosis and neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury.Desferrioxamin-B has antioxidant, antiproliferative, Deferoxamine has antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antitumor activities, and can induce HIF-1α production, apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells.Desferrioxamin-B can be used in the treatment of acute iron toxicity and COVID-19 related diseases.

Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) (RTA-408) is a synthetic triterpenoid that activates the cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibits NF-κB signaling. Phase 2.

Inavolisib (GDC-0077) is an orally available selective PI3Kα inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.038 nM.It exerts its activity by binding to the ATP-binding site of PI3K, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of PIP2 to PIP3.

Niraparib (MK-4827) is a PARP inhibitor that selectively targets PARP1 and PARP2 (IC50=3.8 2.1 nM), exhibiting antitumor activity, inhibiting DNA damage repair, and inducing apoptosis.

C188-9 (TTI-101) is a Stat3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 4-7 μM.

Y-27632 dihydrochloride (Y-27632 2HCl) is an orally potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor of ROCK-I and ROCK-II. Y-27632 dihydrochloride also inhibits isolation-induced apoptosis in mouse prostate stem or progenitor cells.

Dinaciclib (SCH 727965) is a selective CDK inhibitor targeting CDK1, CDK2, CDK5, and CDK9 (IC50 = 3 1 1 4 nM). It exhibits potential antitumor activity by inhibiting the incorporation of thoracic glycan (dThd) DNA.