acids

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, a compound consisting of triglycerides and esters derived from fractionated vegetable oil, and fatty acids from coconut and palm kernel oils, serves as a food additive and is utilized in cosmetics. This substance demonstrates outstanding oxidation stability.

Yeast Nitrogen Base Medium without Amino Acids is suitable for culturing bacteria in genetic engineering applications.

Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate (Lithium citrate tribasic tetrahydrate) , the active component of Lithium, is a medicine used in the therapy of psychiatric disease. It has shown the effects of signaling pathways and metabolic in the brain based on the particular disease and clinical condition model. According to the reports, Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate was used as a mood stabilizer when treating bipolar mood disorders (BD) and lower the risk of self-harm in BD patient. In addition,Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate has been the choice drug in the therapy of acute manic episodes.Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate also could dissolve uric acid crystals in urine achieved from patients with gout. Besides,Citric acid trilithium salt tetrahydrate have some dose-dependent side-effects. The the main side-effects of Lithium Citrate is the tendency to inhibit the prostatic acid phosphatase enzyme (PAP), which result in the accumulation of PAP.

Sodium citrate dihydrate (Trisodium citrate dihydrate) is an anticoagulant, and also used as a buffer and food preservatives.

EDC hydrochloride (EDC-HCl Crosslinker) is a water-soluble carbodiimide compound. EDC hydrochloride, as a condensing agent, forms peptide bonds through the condensation reaction of carboxyl and amino groups and can be used to synthesize peptides with specific sequences and functions. EDC hydrochloride can covalently bind haptens to carrier proteins to form immune antigens, which are used in vaccine research. EDC hydrochloride can react with the 5 'phosphate group of nucleic acids and is used for the labeling of DNA and RNA. EDC hydrochloride can cross-link proteins with nucleic acids and is used to prepare immune cross-links. EDC hydrochloride, as a crosslinking agent, connects the amine-reactive NHS ester of biomolecules with the carboxyl group, which can be used for protein coupling to create hybrid molecules with new properties and functions.

(+)-O-Acetyl-L-mandelic Acid is an aromatic compound suitable for biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Trometamol hydrochloride (TRIS hydrochloride) (Tromethamine hydrochloride) is a biologically inert amino alcohol with low toxicity. Trometamol hydrochloride buffers carbon dioxide and acids in vitro and in vivo. Trometamol hydrochloride is an effective amine compound for pH control in the physiological range.

3-Indoleacetic acid (indolylacetic acid) (IAA) is the most common plant hormone of the auxin class and it regulates various aspects of plant growth and development.

Glycerophospholipids, cephalins (Phosphatidylethanolamines (egg)) are a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from eggs, with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. Glycerophospholipids and cephalins can be completely hydrolyzed to obtain 1 mol of glycerol, phosphoric acid, ethanolamine and 2 mol of fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamines play a role in membrane fusion and disassembly of contractile rings during cell division, regulating membrane curvature. Phosphatidylethanolamines are able to transmit infectious prions without the help of any proteins or nucleic acids. One of the main roles of Phosphatidylethanolamines in bacterial membranes is to disperse the negative charges caused by anionic membrane phospholipids.

Pipecolic acid (2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid), a metabolite of lysine found in human physiological fluids such as urine, plasma and CSF, is an important regulator of immunity in plants and humans alike.

Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is a globular protein employed in various biochemical applications.This product contains fatty acids.

Chymotrypsin (Chymotrypsin A) is a serine protease synthesized by the pancreas, which cleaves protein chains on the carboxyl side of aromatic amino acids.

Citric Acid Triammonium (Triammonium citrate) is a metal chelating agent, acidity regulator, and buffer, widely applied in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Fumaric acid disodium is a dicarboxylic acid compound, widely applied in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (Transplantone) , is widely used in agriculture for various purposes. It is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial plant rooting horticultural products.

Human Serum Albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in human plasma, is produced in the liver and is water soluble, with a molecular weight of 66.5 kDa. HSA inhibits Alzheimer's disease by selectively binding to cross-structured A oligomers. HSA is a key endogenous inhibitor of amyloid-β (Αβ) aggregation. HSA is used as a carrier protein in cell culture for the transport of fatty acids, steroids, and thyroid hormones and to regulate osmolality of the blood, and is also used in drug delivery studies, immunoassays, and cell freezing. cell freezing.

DOTAP chloride (1, 2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride) is an efficient cationic lipid, and its target is mainly the negatively charged components on the cell membrane. DOTAP chloride binds to negatively charged nucleic acids (such as DNA and RNA) by electrostatic interaction to form complexes, thereby achieving the delivery of nucleic acids.

4-(N-Succinimidylcarboxy)benzophenone is a photoactive reagent specifically designed for biochemical research. Its molecule contains both succinimide ester groups and benzophenone structures. It can be used to explore the binding sites between proteins and proteins, as well as between proteins and nucleic acids, and to lock the transient interaction complexes through light-controlled cross-linking. It can also assist in the preparation of stable antigen-antibody conjugates, providing reliable materials for biochemical detection, molecular recognition and other experiments.

3-(5-Methylfuran-2-yl)propanoic acid is a synthetic, non-proteinogenic amino acid characterized by a standard three-carbon propanoic acid backbone with an amino functional group (-NH2) located at the alpha-carbon (C2) and a distinctive 5-methylfuran-2-yl substituent at the beta-carbon (C3), where the furan ring—a five-membered aromatic heterocycle containing an oxygen atom—provides its unique structural and electronic properties, distinguishing it from canonical amino acids.

Hyodeoxycholic acid sodium salt, a natural secondary bile acid, enhances high-density lipoprotein function, reduces farnesoid X receptor antagonist bile acids, and induces potent cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and IL-8 synthesis.

The phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphates represent a small percentage of total membrane phospholipids. However, they play a critical role in the generation and transmission of cellular signals. PtdIns-(4)-P1 (1,2-dioctanoyl) is a synthetic analog of natural phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) featuring C8:0 fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. The compound contains the same inositol and diacylglycerol (DAG) stereochemistry as the natural compound. PtdIns-(4)-P1 can be phosphorylated to di- (PtdIns-P2; PIP2) and triphosphates (PtdIns-P3; PIP3). Hydrolysis of PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 by phosphoinositide (PI)-specific phospholipase C generates inositol triphosphate (IP3) and DAG which are key second messengers in an intricate biochemical signal transduction cascade.

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) species are a common class of phospholipids that comprise the mammalian cell membrane. 1,2-Dioctanoyl PC is a synthetic analog of natural phosphatidylcholine species containing saturated C8:O fatty acids in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone. It exhibits a critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of 0.25 mM at 27°C. 1,2-Dioctanoyl PC serves as an efficient substrate for phospholipase D (PLD) as well as sPLA2 isozymes from bovine pancreas and bee venom.

Gadoleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid.1,2It inhibits the dsDNA binding activity of p53 when used at a concentration of 1.2 nM.1Hepatic levels of gadoleic acid are reduced in rats fed a high-fat or a high-fat high-cholesterol diet and increased in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.2 1.Iijima, H., Kasai, N., Chiku, H., et al.The inhibitory action of long-chain fatty acids on the DNA binding activity of p53Lipids41(6)521-527(2006) 2.Serviddio, G., Bellanti, F., Villani, R., et al.Effects of dietary fatty acids and cholesterol excess on liver injury: A lipidomic approachRedox Biol.9296-305(2016)

Heneicosapentaenoic Acid (HPA) is a 21:5 ω-3 fatty acid present in trace amounts in the green alga *B. pennata* and in fish oils. Its structure is similar to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) but elongated with one carbon at the carboxyl end, placing the first double bond in the δ6 position. HPA is utilized to study the significance of the position of double bonds in ω-3 fatty acids and incorporates into phospholipids and triacylglycerol in vivo as efficiently as EPA and docosahexaenoic acid. It strongly inhibits arachidonic acid synthesis from linoleic acid, is a poor substrate for prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) (cyclooxygenase) and 5-lipoxygenase, but rapidly inactivates PGHS.