α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase, Porcine (EC 1.2.4.2), is an enzyme complex that functions in the citric acid cycle.

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is an inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHC).

Devimistat (6,8-Bis(benzylthio)octanoic acid) , a lipoate analog, inhibits mitochondrial enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, disrupts tumor cell mitochondrial metabolism. It has potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities, and has been used in trials studying the treatment of Cancer, Lymphoma, Solid Tumors, Advanced Cancer, and Pancreatic Cancer, among others.

α-Lipoic Acid (DL-α-Lipoic acid) an octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.

Succinyl phosphonate is a selective α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDHC ) and OGDHC inhibitor that inhibits α-ketoglutarate oxidative decarboxylation. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt inhibits glutamate-induced ROS generation in glutamate-stimulated hippocampal neurons and can be used to study neurodegenerative diseases.

Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) (GLDH), a mitochondrial enzyme found in hepatocytes, renal tissue, brain, muscle, and intestinal cells, catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), playing a critical role in the urea cycle [1], and is frequently utilized in biochemical research.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), a critical enzyme in the citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle, facilitates the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate while reducing NAD(P)+ to NAD(P)H, thus playing pivotal roles in cellular metabolism [1].

Saccharopine hydrochloride (L-Saccharopine hydrochloride), an intermediate in lysine degradation and a mitochondrial toxin, is produced through the conversion of lysine and α-ketoglutarate by lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. This compound is subsequently oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by saccharopine dehydrogenase, impairing development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis [1] [2] [3].

Thiamine hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thiamine hydrochloride, primarily used for quantitative analysis and metabolic research. Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1 hydrochloride) is an essential micronutrient that serves as a vital cofactor for several central metabolic enzymes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and transketolase. In vivo, it is phosphorylated into its active form, Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP), which is directly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, the TCA cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway. It is indispensable for cellular energy production and the maintenance of nervous system integrity.

p2Ca acetate is a naturally processed peptide that derives from a ubiquitous enzyme, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and is recognized in association with the class I MHC protein, Ld, by a CTL clone (2C).

Glutamate Dehydrogenase, Bovine Liver (EC 1.4.1.4), catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate, producing α-ketoglutarate and ammonia.

Glutamate Dehydrogenase (NADP-dependent), Proteus sp. (EC 1.4.1.4), is an enzyme located in the mitochondria of most microorganisms and eukaryotes, responsible for converting glutamate into α-ketoglutarate.

Thiamine pyrophosphate tetrahydrate is the coenzyme form of vitamin B1 and acts as a crucial intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. It functions as a cofactor for α-keto acid dehydrogenases, which are essential for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway.