α lipoic acid

α-Lipoic acid-NHS is an alkyl/ether-based PROTAC linker used in the synthesis of PROTACs [1].

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Choline Ester is used potentially to treat presbyopia.

Andrographolide-lipoic acid is an analogue of Andrographolide, synthesized through the conjugation of Andrographolide and Lipoic acid. It inhibits NF-κB and exhibits anti-diabetic effects as well as protective effects on β-cells.

Mannosamine-lipoic acid adduct functions as a hapten. The conjugate of Mannosamine-lipoic acid adduct with hsIgG effectively reduces the antibody immune response to hsIgG.

Lipoic acid (R-(+)-Thioctic acid) is an organosulfur compound derived from octanoic acid. It is made in animals normally, and is essential for aerobic metabolism.

α-Lipoic Acid (DL-α-Lipoic acid) an octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.

α-Lipoic Acid sodium (Thioctic acid sodium) is an antioxidant and essential cofactor for mitochondrial enzyme complexes. It inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 replication, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and modulates SREBP-1, FOXO1, and Nrf2 to improve high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis.

α-Lipoic Acid-d5 is the deuterated form of α-Lipoic Acid. It serves as a significant antioxidant and an essential cofactor in mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid has the ability to inhibit NF-κB-dependent HIV-1LTR activation and induces apoptosis in liver cancer cells (apoptosis) mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).

Dihydrolipoic acid (USAF XR-12), a dithiol-containing carboxylic acid, acts as a general antioxidant that is highly reactive against a variety of reactive oxygen species, including peroxynitirite, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, at concentrations ranging from 0.01-0.5 mM.

(R)-Dihydrolipoic acid is a R-isomer of Dihydrolipoic acid. It is optically active, but only the R-enantiomer is biochemically significant. The lipoic acid/dihydrolipoic acid pair participate in a variety of biochemical transformations.

(S)-Thioctic acid [(S)-lipoic acid; (S)-5-(1,2-Dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoic acid] is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial or an organic compound in life science research.

α-Lipoic acid is a cyclic disulfide antioxidant that interconverts with its reduced dithiol form. It is an essential cofactor for decarboxylation reactions of the citric acid cycle and acts as a general antioxidant. AN-7 is a more lipophilic analog of α-lipoic acid with enhanced potency and 1.5-fold increased maximal capacity to stimulate glucose transport into myocytes. This identifies the analogs of lipoic acid as potential new treatments for diabetes.

Anti-diabetic drugs of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) structural class as well as α-lipoic acid activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a nuclear transcription factor that controls glucose metabolism and lipid homeostasis. CAY10506 is a hybrid lipoic acid-TZD derivative that transactivates human PPARγ with an EC50 value of 10 μM.

Devimistat (6,8-Bis(benzylthio)octanoic acid) , a lipoate analog, inhibits mitochondrial enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, disrupts tumor cell mitochondrial metabolism. It has potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities, and has been used in trials studying the treatment of Cancer, Lymphoma, Solid Tumors, Advanced Cancer, and Pancreatic Cancer, among others.

CPUL1, a TrxR inhibitor, exhibits proliferation-inhibitory and anti-metastatic effects on A549 cells by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the induction of ROS-mediated ERK/JNK signaling, achieved by inhibiting TrxR1 enzyme activity. The efficacy of CPUL1 is enhanced when used in conjunction with α-Lipoic Acid or Dithiodipropionic acid [1].