[ca2+]i

Compound I-25, also known as SMARCA2-IN-2, is a SMARCA2 inhibitor (IC 50: 101-500 μM) with applications in cancer research.

SMARCA2-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of SMARCA2 (also known as BRM), exhibiting an IC50 of less than 5 nM against both SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. Additionally, this compound suppresses the expression of the KRT80 gene in H1299 cells with an IC50 of 26 nM and inhibits the proliferation of SKMEL5 cells carrying a BRG1 mutation with an IC50 value of 13 nM.

BRCA2-IN-1 (Compound 3j) is a potential BRCA2 inhibitor with antiproliferative activity against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. This compound also demonstrates DPPH radical scavenging ability, with an IC50 value of 12.36 µM.

BRCA2-IN-2 (Compound 3i) exhibits strong binding affinity with the BRCA2 protein. This compound effectively inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells and can eliminate DPPH radicals. BRCA2-IN-2 also demonstrates both antitumor and antioxidant activities.

SMARCA2-IN-7 (compound 12) acts as a dual inhibitor for both BRM and BRG1 with IC50 values less than 0.005, exhibiting antitumor proliferation effects. It inhibits tumor proliferation in SKMEL5 cells lacking BRG1 with an AAC50 of 13 nM. Additionally, in H1299 cells, it suppresses cell proliferation activity of KRT880 with an AAC50 of 42 nM.

SMARCA2-IN-8 (Compound 13) is an orally effective inhibitor targeting the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes SMARCA2 (also known as Brahma homolog, BRM) and SMARCA4 (also known as Brahma-related gene 1, BRG1), with IC50 values of 5 nM and 6 nM respectively. This compound inhibits the proliferation of SMARCA2-mutant SKMEL5 cancer cells with an AAC50 of 5 nM and downregulates the expression of the SMARCA2-dependent gene KRT80, showing an AAC50 of 10 nM. Additionally, SMARCA2-IN-8 demonstrates antitumor efficacy and favorable pharmacokinetic properties in mice.

SMARCA2-IN-4 (Compound 26) is an inhibitor of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex SMARCA, specifically targeting its bromodomain. This compound exhibits high affinity for PB1(5), SMARCA2B, and SMARCA4, with dissociation constants (Kd) of 124, 262, and 417 nM, respectively.

SMARCA2-IN-1 (Compound I-19) serves as an inhibitor of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex SMARCA2, exhibiting an IC50 value greater than 1000 nM in H1299 cells.

SMARCA2-IN-9 (Compound 11) serves as an inhibitor for SMARCA2, PBRM1 bromodomain 2 (PBRM1(2)), and PBRM1 bromodomain 5 (PBRM1(5)), with Kd values of 1.6 μM, 2.5 μM, and 3.95 μM respectively.

Aprikalim (RP 52891) is an adenosine triphosphate potassium channel (KATP) opener that protects against nerve damage in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia.Aprikalim inhibits vasoconstriction and inhibits the elevation of [Ca2+]i during myocardial paralysis, and can be used to study cardiovascular disease.

(-)-Menthol (Levomenthol) is a levo isomer of menthol, an organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or mint oils with flavoring and local anesthetic properties. When added to pharmaceuticals and foods, menthol functions as a fortifier for peppermint flavors. It also has a counterirritant effect on skin and mucous membranes, thereby producing a local analgesic or anesthetic effect.

Nebracetam hydrochloride (WEB 1881 FU hydrochloride) is an agonist nootropic M1-muscarinic. Nebracetam hydrochloride induces a rise of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Nebracetam hydrochloride exhibits an EC50 of 1.59 mM for elevating [Ca2+]i.

CALP3 acetate is a potent Ca2+ channel blocker that activates EF hand motifs of Ca2+-binding proteins. CALP3 acetate can functionally mimic increased [Ca2+]i by modulating the activity of Calmodulin (CaM), Ca2+ channels and pumps.

18:0 LYSO-PE is a compound that induces an increase in [Ca2+]i and can be used as a phospholipid (PL) standard for lipid analysis by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS)/MS.

L-365260 is an orally available, selective and potent nonpeptide gastrin and cerebral cholecystokinin receptor (CCK-B) antagonist.L-365260 inhibits CCK-8S-induced increase in [Ca2+]i, blocks stress-induced hypersensitivity in viscera, and blocks the anti-exploratory effect of CCK-4.L-365260 has been used in the study of neurological Ojibwa and endocrine diseases.

Inactive analog of m-3M3FBS (PLC activator)

Halofuginone specifically inhibits collagen type I gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene expression, which may result in the suppression of angiogenesis, tumor stromal cell development, and tumor cell growth. Halofuginone Hydrobromide is the hydrobromide salt of halofuginone, a semisynthetic quinazolinone alkaloid anticoccidial derived from the plant Dichroa febrifuga, with antifibrotic and potential antineoplastic activities. These effects appear to be due to halofuginone-mediated inhibition of the collagen type I and MMP-2 promoters. Collagen type I and MMP-2 play important roles in fibroproliferative diseases.

Two Rho-associated kinases (ROCK), ROCK-I and ROCK-II, act downstream of the G protein Rho to regulate cytoskeletal stability. The ROCKs play important roles in diverse cellular functions including cell adhesion and proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, and stem cell renewal. Glycyl-H-1152 is a selective and potent ROCK inhibitor (IC50 = 11.8 nM for ROCK-II). It is a glycylated isoquinoline compound derived from the therapeutically-important ROCK inhibitor HA-1077 (Fasudil) and exhibits better specificity. Thus, it poorly inhibits Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase type II, protein kinase (PK) G, and Aurora A (IC50 = 2.57, 2.35, and 3.26 μM, respectively) as well as PKA or PKC (IC50 ≥ 10 μM for each). The potency of Glycyl-H-1152 is superior to that of other ROCK inhibitors, including Y-27632 (Ki = 220 nM) and HA-1077 (IC50 = 158 nM).

Nebentan (YM598) is a potent, selective and orally active non-peptide endothelin ETA receptor antagonist through the modification of Bosentan . Nebentan inhibits [125I] endothelin-1 binding to cloned human endothelin ETA and ETB receptor, with Ki of 0.697 nM and 569 nM, respectively[1]. YM598 can ameliorate the progression of cor pulmonale and myocardial infarction in vivo[2]. Nebentan inhibits the specific binding of [125I] endothelin-1 to endothelin ETA and ETB receptors in a concentration dependent manner,Ki values are 0.697 nM and 1.53 nM for human and rat endothelin ETA receptors, respectively. In contrast, YM598 exhibits low affinities for human and rat endothelin ETB receptors, with Ki values of 569 nM and 155 nM,respectively[1].In measurement of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, Nebentan concentration-dependently inhibits the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by 10 nM endothelin-1 in both CHO cells and A10 cells, the IC50 values are 26.2 nM for CHO cells and 26.7 nM for A10 cells, respectively[1]. Nebentan (oral administration; 0.1-1 mg/kg; 4 weeks) significantly inhibits the progression of pulmonary hypertension and the development of right ventricular hypertrophy[2].Nebentan (oral administration; 1 mg/kg; 30 weeks) significantly ameliorates the poor survival rate of CHF rats, it markedly reduces the hypertrophy of both ventricles as well as pulmonary congestion[2]. [1]. Hironori Yuyama, et al. Pharmacological Characterization of YM598, an Orally Active and Highly Potent Selective Endothelin ET(A) Receptor Antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Sep 30;478(1):61-71. [2]. Akira Fujimori, et al. YM598, an Orally Active ET(A) Receptor Antagonist, Ameliorates the Progression of Cardiopulmonary Changes and Both-Side Heart Failure in Rats With Cor Pulmonale and Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2004 Nov;44 Suppl 1:S354-7.

TAT-Gap19(I130A) is a control peptide for TAT-Gap19, a Cx43 hemichannel blocker. TAT-Gap19(I130A) consists of TAT-GAP19 with a I130A amino acid residue change at a key residue for GAP19 activity. In C6 glioma cells expression Cx43, TAT-GAP19(1130A) does not inhibit [Ca2+]i-triggered ATP release at 200 μM. TAT-Gap19(I130A) is cell permeable.

1. Rhodojaponin III has antifeedant and oviposition deterrence effects against many kinds of insects, BdorCSP2 of B. dorsalis could be involved in chemoreception of Rhodojaponin III and played a critical role. 2. Rhodojaponin III induces a certain linkage

Barlerin (8-O-Acetylshanzhiside methyl ester) has potential against cerebral ischemic injury, and its protective effect on oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury might be due to the suppression of intracellular Ca2+ elevation and caspase-3 activity, and improvement of mitochondrial energy metabolism.8-O-Acetylshanzhiside methylester can increase angiogenesis and improve functional recovery after stroke.8-O-Acetylshanzhiside methylester has protective effects on experimental myocardial ischemia injury, the effects might be due to block of myocardial inflammatory cascades through an HMGB1-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway.8-O-Acetylshanzhiside methylester protects diabetic brain against I/R injury by alleviating diabetic cerebral I/R injury and attenuating blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, and its protective effects may involve HMGB-1 and NF-κB signalling pathway.

Bepridil hydrochloride hydrate ((±)-Bepridil hydrochloride hydrate) is a long-acting, non-selective calcium channel (Ca+ channel) antagonist, an inhibitor of the Na+, K+ channel, and an inhibitor of cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX1).

AL-38022A is a novel synthetic serotonergic (5-HT) ligand that exhibited high affinity for each of the 5-HT2 receptor subtypes (Kicantly lower (>100-fold less) affinity for other 5-HT receptors. In addition, AL-38022A displayed a very low affinity for a broad array of other receptors, neurotransmitter transport sites, ion channels, and second messenger elements, making it a relatively selective agent. AL-38022A potently stimulated functional responses via native and cloned rat (EC50 range: 1.9-22.5 nM) and human (EC50 range: 0.5-2.2 nM) 5-HT2 receptor subtypes including [Ca2+]i mobilization and tissue contractions with apparently similar potencies and intrinsic activities and was a full agonist at all 5-HT2 receptor subtypes.