(rac)this compound

(Rac)-Neurodegenerative Disorder-Targeting Compound 1 is a calpain inhibitor.

(Rac)-Upacicalcet is a racemate of Upacicalcet, which serves as an intravenous calcimimetic agent. Upacicalcet acts by directly targeting calcium-sensing receptors on parathyroid cell membranes, effectively suppressing the release of excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) and reducing blood PTH levels. This compound holds the potential for researching secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) [1].

dWIZ-1 ((rac)-dWIZ-1) is a potent WIZ molecular gel degrader that recruits WIZ (ZF7) to the cereblon thereby inducing degradation and thus induction of haemoglobin fetalis (HbF) in erythroblasts, which can be used to study sickle cell disease (SCD).

(±)-Penbutolol ((Rac)-Penbutolol) is the racemic form of Penbutolol. It acts as an orally active β-adrenergic receptor antagonist. (±)-Penbutolol mitigates the tachycardia induced by exercise, reduces the increase in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) caused by physical activity, and decreases plasma renin activity (PRA) at rest. The peak plasma concentration of this compound is achieved one hour after oral administration, with a half-life of 4.5 hours, and it is metabolized into active metabolites in the body. This compound is utilized in research related to cardiovascular diseases.

(Rac)-Idroxioleic acid (2-Hydroxyoleic acid) sodium is a synthetic derivative of oleic acid (OA) that binds to the plasma membrane, altering lipid composition. This compound exhibits antitumor properties.

(Rac)-Glutipyran is a broad-spectrum GLUT inhibitor targeting both GLUT1 and GLUT3. This compound inhibits glucose uptake and significantly impedes the growth of various cancer cells, particularly demonstrating substantial inhibition of PANC-1 cell growth (IC50=1.8 μM) and glucose uptake (IC50=0.13 μM).

1-Oleoyl-2-linoleoyl-rac-glycerol (DG(18:1/0:0/18:2)) is a diacylglycerol composed of linoleic acid and oleic acid. This compound can be found in dry-cured ham and acts as a flavoring agent in food.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-stearoyl-rac-glycerol (1,2-Palmitin-3-stearin) is a triacylglycerol commonly found in ostrich and emu oils, as well as in milk fat. This compound has palmitic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, and stearic acid at the sn-3 position.

(rac)-Talazoparib ((rac)-BMN-673) (Compound 47) is an orally active inhibitor of PARP1/2, with Ki values of 1.2 nM and 0.87 nM, respectively. It inhibits cellular PARylation at an EC50 of 2.51 nM. This compound leads to the accumulation of DNA damage and suppresses the proliferation of BRCA1/2-mutated MX-1 and Capan-1 cells, with IC50 values of 0.3 nM and 5 nM, respectively. Additionally, (rac)-Talazoparib exhibits antitumor activity in mouse models.

(Rac)-Roscovitine ((Rac)-Seliciclib) is a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). It competes with ATP for binding at the active site of CDKs, thereby inhibiting their phosphorylation activity. This compound induces apoptosis in cancer cells and holds potential for the study of conditions like cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, heart diseases, viral and protozoal infections, glomerulonephritis, and chronic inflammation, all of which are associated with CDK dysregulation.

(Rac)-Ketoconazole ((Rac)-R 41400) is an orally active antifungal imidazole compound. It inhibits ergosterol synthesis in fungi by targeting the cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme, 14α-sterol demethylase (CYP51), on the fungal cell membrane. This disruption leads to dysfunction of the cell membrane, ultimately hindering fungal growth and proliferation. (Rac)-Ketoconazole is applicable in studying fungal infections.

Glycerophosphoinositol 4-phosphate (GroPIns-4-P) disodium is a metabolite of phospholipase A and an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase. This compound can regulate cAMP-dependent cellular functions and also induces membrane ruffling and stress fiber formation in serum-starved Swiss 3T3 cells by activating small GTPases Rac and Rho, respectively. It is useful for research on cancer cell motility and invasion.

Rac1-IN-5 is a selective, reversible inhibitor of the RAC1 protein with a dissociation constant (KD) of 30 nM. It competes specifically with guanine nucleotides for binding to RAC proteins, effectively blocking RAC1 activity and RAC1-dependent cellular functions. In vivo, Rac1-IN-5 exhibits anti-tumor metastasis effects and can improve survival rates. This compound is applicable for research on aggressive cancers such as triple-negative breast cancer and colon cancer.

(Rac)-Ibrutinib alkyne (Compound 8) is a Btk inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.72 nM. This compound effectively inhibits B cell receptor signaling functions, with an IC50 of 9 nM for calcium flux inhibition in Ramos cells. (Rac)-Ibrutinib alkyne is applicable in research on diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

(Rac)-PF-998425 is a potent, selective, nonsteroidal androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with IC50 values of 26 nM in AR binding assays and 90 nM in cellular assays, respectively. This compound shows promise for investigating androgenetic alopecia.

(Rac)-Azide-phenylalanine is a racemic form of Azide-phenylalanine, a non-natural amino acid and derivative of phenylalanine. This compound can be site-specifically incorporated into proteins for labeling purposes.

(Rac)-5-Hydroxymethyl Tolterodine hydrochloride, also known as (Rac)-Desfesoterodine hydrochloride, is an active metabolite of Tolterodine that functions as a mAChR antagonist. It exhibits significant affinity (K i values) for M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 receptors, with values of 2.3 nM, 2 nM, 2.5 nM, 2.8 nM, and 2.9 nM, respectively. This compound is commonly employed in research related to overactive bladder conditions.

DOCK2-IN-1, an analogue of CPYPP, effectively inhibits DOCK2 (IC50 = 19.1 μM) by reversibly binding to its DHR-2 domain, thereby hindering its catalytic function. This compound obstructs the activation of Rac in lymphocytes, triggered either by chemokine or antigen receptors. Consequently, DOCK2-IN-1 markedly reduces chemotactic responses and T cell activation [1].

1,2-Distearoyl-3-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features stearic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions and palmitic acid at the sn-3 position. This compound is identified in cocoa butter, lard, and cod liver oil.

1-Myristoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features myristic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, respectively. This compound is prevalent in mature human milk, infant formula fats, and butterfat.

1-Linoleoyl-3-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol, a diacylglycerol, is characterized by the presence of linoleic acid (at the sn-1 position) and palmitic acid (at the sn-3 position). This compound has been detected in wheat bran extracts and in dry-cured Iberian ham, but not in its raw form.

1,2-Dioleoyl-3-lauroyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is designed as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-lauroyl-rac-glycerol, employable with GC- or LC-MS techniques. This compound is a type of triacylglycerol featuring oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, and lauric acid at the sn-3 position, and has been identified in date seed oil and the fat body of male B. lapidarius bumblebees.

1,2-Dioleoyl-3-α-linolenoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions and α-linolenic acid at the sn-3 position. This compound has been identified in the fat body of male B. lapidarius bumblebees.

1-Linoleoyl-3-α-linolenoyl-rac-glycerol, a diacylglycerol, features linoleic acid at the sn-1 position and α-linolenic acid at the sn-3 position. This compound is identified in olive oil that has undergone lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis, utilizing immobilized lipase B derived from C. antarctica.