Mollugin (Rubimaillin) may be a JAK2 inhibitor and inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Mollugin as a candidate for a chemotherapeutic agent in OSCCs via the upregulation of the HO-1 and Nrf2 pathways and the downregulation of NF- κ B. Mollugin may be a novel therapeutic candidate for bone loss-associated disorders including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. Also, it has anticancer efficacy, can modulate the HER2 pathway in HER2-overexpressing Y cells with a potential role in the treatment and prevention of human breast and ovarian Y with HER2 overexpression.

Purpurin (Verantin) was a reversible and competitive inhibitor of MAO-A with a Ki value of 0.422μM. it exhibits anti-angiogenic, antifungal, antibiotic, and antioxidative activities.

Dihydromollugin is a naphthol ester found in Rubia cordifolia that may have anti-tumour, virus-inhibiting and other activities.

Xanthopurpurin shows antiviral activity. Xanthopurpurin can effectively inhibit rotavirus multiplication by promoting virus-induced apoptosis in MA-104 cells. Xanthopurpurin shows mainly strong inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation.

Alizarin (Mordant Red 11), a red dye derived from the roots of plants of the madder genus, inhibits P450 isoform CYP1A1( IC50 = 6.2 μM), CYP1A2 (IC50 =10.0 μM )and CYP1B1(IC50 = 2.7 μM).

Lucidin primeveroside (Lucidin 3-O-primeveroside) is a natural product isolated from the root powder of akane (Rubia akane) and can be used as a coloring agent and a food pigment. Lucidin primeveroside can be metabolically converted to genotoxic compound Lucidin in mice.

1-Hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone exhibits promising larvicidal activity.

Rubioncolin C shows good cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 1.53 μM and NF-κB inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 2.97 μM.

2-Amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is an electron transfer mediator that can alter glucose metabolism in homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. It also serves as a novel growth stimulator for bifidobacteria, influencing their end-product profile through the mediated oxidation of NAD(P)H.

Rubianthraquinone is a natural product from Rubia yunnanensis.

Cyclo(Phe-Leu) is a new cell cycle inhibitor.

Prerubialatin, a precursor of rubialatins A and B, is an organic compound exhibiting significant biological activity. [1]

Cyclo(Phe-Ala) displays significant anti-diatom activity with the inhibitory rate of 50% at the concentration of 50 microg/mL.

Furomollugin has antiviral activity, it can strongly suppress the secretion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), with IC50 = 2.0 micrograms/mL, in human hepatoma Hep3B cells.

Rubipodanone A is a natural product

Rubinaphthin A is a natural product from Rubia cordifolia.

Rubiarbonol B may have antiplatelet aggregation activities.

6-Hydroxyrubiadin has antioxidant activity, EC(50) is 14.7ug/ml.

2-Methyl-1,3,6-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-3-O-α-rhamnosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside (TMARg) is a natural disaccharide derivative and dihydroxyanthraquinone that activates BMP2 and β-catenin, thereby influencing osteoblast differentiation.

Cyclo(Phe-Hpro) is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN6429 and the CAS number is 1016899-94-7.

Rubiprasin B is a natural product from Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis.

Rubiprasin A is a natural product from Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis.

Lucidin 3-O-glucoside is a natural product

Rubicordifolin exhibits potent cytotoxic and antitumor activities.