transfection

DOPE (DOPE) is a neutral helper lipid for cationic liposomes.It is used in combination with cationic phospholipids to increase efficiency during DNA transfection studies as a non-viral method of gene delivery.

DOTAP chloride (1,2-Dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride) is a useful and effective cationic lipid transfection DNA(plasmids, BacMIDs) and modified nucleic acids (antisense oligonucleotides) without the use of auxiliary lipids.

DODAP is an ionic cationic lipid with low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency that can be used to synthesize liposomes and encapsulate biologically active molecules such as mRNA, siRNA and plasmid DNA.

RCB-02-4-8, an ionizable cationic lipid designed for the formulation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), enhances mRNA delivery with proven effectiveness in increasing lung transfection efficiency in mice [1].

DC-6-14 is a cationic lipid known for its gene transfection activity, commonly utilized in the synthesis of liposomes.

HBpep(RPY)-SP is a variant of the polypeptide HBpep-SP. This compound interacts with lipid bilayers and has demonstrated exceptional transfection efficiency in challenging-to-transfect cells, such as primary and immune cells. HBpep(RPY)-SP is useful for research in protein, gene, and immune cell therapies.

The a-helix of the amphipathic peptide antibiotic LAH4 (KKALLALALHHLAHLALHLALALKKA-NH2) strongly interacts with phospholipid membranes, demonstrating in vitro transfection efficiencies comparable to those of commercially available reagents.

PSAM (pharmacologically selective actuator module) agonist. Activates PSAML141F-GlyR chimeric ion channels. Inhibits activity of neurons expressing PSAML141F-GlyR in vivo and activates locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons expressing PSAML141F,Y115F-5-HT3 ion channels. Recommended concentration for use in mice is 5 mg/kg or lower. Plasmid vectors for the transfection of cells with PSAML141F-GlyR and PSAML141F,Y115F-5-HT3 are available from Addgene. Lovett-Barron et al (2012) Regulation of neuronal input transformations by tunable dendritic inhibition. Nat.Neurosci. 15 423 PMID:22246433 |Satoh et al (2016) Context-dependent gait choice elicited by EphA4 mutation in Lbx1 spinal interneurons. Neuron 89 1046 PMID:26924434 |Atasoy et al (2012) Deconstruction of a neural circuit for hunger. Nature 488 172 PMID:22801496 |Hirschberg et al (2017) Functional dichotomy in spinal- vs prefrontal-projecting locus coeruleus modules splits descending noradrenergic analgesia from ascending aversion and anxiety in rats. Elife 6 e29808 PMID:29027903

Dios-Arg is a steroid-based cationic lipid that contains a diosgenin skeleton coupled to an L-arginine head group. It forms a complex with plasmid DNA and decreases plasmid DNA migration in an agarose-gel retardant assay at charge ratio greater than or equal to 4. Dios-Arg facilitates transfection of plasmid DNA into H1299 and HeLa cells in the presence and absence of fetal bovine serum, an effect that is reversed by the lipid raft-mediated endocytosis inhibitor methyl-β-cyclodextrin and the caveolae-mediated endocytosis inhibitor genistein . It has been used, coupled to 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE , to bind siRNA and plasmid DNA to form cationic lipid nanoparticles for intracellular transport. Dios-Arg is cytotoxic to H1299 and HeLa cells (IC50s = 83.5 and 74.1 μg/ml, respectively).

DORI, a cationic lipid, efficiently delivers plasmid DNA in vitro, exhibiting lower cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency [1].

119-23 is an ionizable cationic lipid frequently utilized in the preparation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for in vivo mRNA delivery. Lipid nanoparticles that include 119-23 and encapsulate mRNA reporter molecules demonstrate a higher transfection efficiency in mouse muscle compared to LNPs containing SM-102 or DLin-MC3-DMA. Additionally, the accumulation of 119-23-containing LNPs in immune cells within the liver and spleen of mice is significantly greater than that of LNPs with SM-102. Furthermore, LNPs containing 119-23 and encoding human erythropoietin (hEPO) mRNA can elevate serum hEPO levels in mice.

3'Ome-m7GpppAmpG, a trinucleotide cap analogue with a locked nucleic acid (LNA) molecule, demonstrates notable translational efficiency. It serves as a promising tool in molecular biology, applicable in mRNA vaccines and transfection processes, including protein production, gene therapy, and anti-cancer immunization [1].

RET-IN-15 is an inhibitor of rearrangement kinase (RET) during transfection and can be used in cancer research.

Pz-1 is an inhibitor of VEGFR2 and RET (rearranged during transfection) tyrosine kinase that blocks the blood supply required for RET-stimulated growth.

3'Ome-m7GpppAmpG ammonium, a trinucleotide Cap analogue with a locked nucleic acid (LNA) component, demonstrates substantial translational efficiency. It emerges as a promising tool in molecular biology, applicable in mRNA vaccines and transfection processes including protein production, gene therapy, and anti-cancer immunization [1].

DOSPA, a cationic lipid, exhibits significant potential when formulated with DNA as a transfection system [1].

KALA, an amphiphilic peptide, adopts an α-helical conformation under physiological pH conditions. It functions as a fusogenic peptide, modifying the liposomal membrane that encapsulates plasmid DNA, thereby facilitating liver targeting and DNA transfection through galactose receptors.

H-Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys-OH is a tetrapeptide that contains the arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) motif, a sequence that acts as a recognition site for various adhesion proteins.1It inhibits the binding of fibrinogen to endothelial cells and ADP-stimulated platelets with IC50values of 320 and 35 μM, respectively.2Implantation of titanium rods coated with H-Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys-OH increases bone formation in rat femurs.3H-Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys-OH has been conjugated to polyethylenimine to improve gene transfection efficiency.4 1.Park, H.S., Kim, C., and Kang, Y.K.Preferred conformations of RGDX tetrapeptides to inhibit the binding of fibrinogen to plateletsBiopolymers63(5)298-313(2002) 2.Tranqui, L., Andrieux, A., Hudry-Clergeon, G., et al.Differential structural requirements for fibrinogen binding to platelets and to endothelial cellsJ. Cell Biol.108(6)2519-2527(1989) 3.Ferris, D.M., Moodie, G.D., Dimond, P.M., et al.RGD-coated titanium implants stimulate increased bone formation in vivoBiomaterials20(23-24)2323-2331(1999) 4.Kunath, K., Merdan, T., Hegener, O., et al.Integrin targeting using RGD-PEI conjugates for in vitro gene transferJ. Gene Med.5(7)588-599(2003)

HG-6-63-01 serves as a type II RET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). It effectively targets and inhibits REarranged during Transfection (RET) kinase, disrupting signaling pathways in human thyroid cancer cell lines possessing oncogenic RET alleles. Moreover, this compound reduces the phosphorylation and signaling of RET oncogenic mutants. HG-6-63-01 further suppresses the proliferation of fibroblasts transformed by RET C634R and RET M918T, as well as thyroid cancer cells with RET mutations, showing potential as a therapeutic option for cancers with oncogenic activation of RET.

3-Azidopropylamine, a click chemistry reagent characterized by its azide group, facilitates the complexation and transfection of plasmid DNA by reacting with the starch sugar present in potato starch [1].

2H-Cho-Arg is a steroid-based cationic lipid that contains a 2H-cholesterol skeleton coupled to an L-arginine head group and can be used to facilitate gene transfection. It forms a complex with plasmid DNA (pDNA) and decreases pDNA migration in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay at +/- charge ratios of 4 or higher. 2H-Cho-Arg facilitates transfection of a luciferase gene into H1299 cells, an effect that is reversed by the lipid raft-mediated endocytosis inhibitor methyl-β-cyclodextrin and the caveolae-mediated endocytosis inhibitor genistein , but not by inhibitors of clathrin- or micropinocytosis-mediated endocytosis. It induces cytotoxicity in H1299 cells (IC50 = 92.7 μg/ml).

GL67 (N4-Spermine cholesteryl carbamate), a cationic lipid, facilitates the delivery of nucleic acid agents and vaccines, and is effective in gene transfection [1].

DOTMA (N-(1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium) is a tetra-methylated DOTA analogue. DOTMA is a cationic lipid and can be used as a non-viral vector for gene therapy. It has been used as a component in liposomes that can be used to encapsulate siRNA, microRNAs, and oligonucleotides and for gene transfection in vitro. It exhibits effective in vitro and in vivo gene transfection. DOTMA induces a positive charge on the liposomes and thus promotes efficient liposome- cell membrane interaction.

Lipofectin is used to promote the transfection of plasmid vectors in vitro and in vivo.