this compound hydrate

(2R,4R)-APDC hydrate ((2R,4R)-4-Aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid hydrate) is an agonist for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR). It influences cell proliferation by inhibiting glutamate release, enhancing motor responses generated by D1 receptor activation, or reducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. This compound is applicable in research on epilepsy and other neurological disorders.

Luseogliflozin (TS 071) hydrate, a second-generation sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, exhibits selective potency and oral activity, with an IC50 of 2.26 nM. This compound is utilized in research for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

CDK7-IN-2 hydrochloride hydrate (Example 6) is a potent and specific inhibitor of the CDK7 enzyme, exhibiting significant anti-cancer properties.

NBI-31772 hydrate is a powerful inhibitor of the interaction between insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). It acts as a nonpeptide ligand, effectively releasing bioactive IGF-I from the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 complex (Ki values for all six human subtypes range from 1-24 nM). This compound demonstrates significant anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects [1] [2] [3].

Methylene Blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate functions as an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), and NO synthase (NOS). This compound, known for its vasopressor activity, is widely utilized as a dye in various medical procedures. It operates via the nitric oxide synthase/guanylate cyclase signaling pathway to diminish prepulse inhibition and possesses the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene Blue hydrate acts as a REDOX cycling compound and inhibits Tau protein aggregation. Moreover, it is effective in reducing cerebral edema, damping microglial activation, and alleviating neuroinflammation, demonstrating its multifaceted therapeutic potential [1] [2] [3].

L-Tartaric acid (L-(+)-Tartaric acid) sodium hydrate, an enantiomer of D-tartaric acid, is a white crystalline dicarboxylic acid found in plants like grapes and is a primary organic acid in wine. This compound functions as a flour bulking agent and food additive, interacting with sodium bicarbonate to generate carbon dioxide [1].

PKRA83 hydrochloride hydrate, also known as PKRA7, is a potent prokineticin (PK2) antagonist that competes with PK2 for binding to its receptors, PKR1 and PKR2. It exhibits high inhibitory affinity with IC50 values of 5.0 nM for PKR1 and 8.2 nM for PKR2, displaying anticancer, anti-arthritis, and anti-angiogenic properties. Additionally, this compound is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier [1] [2] [3].

Camptothecin-20(S)-O-propionate hydrate, the C20-propionate ester of CPT, serves as a potent anticancer agent and functions as a topoisomerase-I inhibitor [1] [2]. This compound is often referenced by its alternate name, Camptothecin-20-O-propionate.

Orforglipron hemicalcium hydrate (LY3502970 hemicalcium hydrate; GLP-1 receptor agonist 1 hemicalcium hydrate) represents the hemicalcium hydrate form of the calcium salt of Orforglipron, an orally active agonist targeting the Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). This compound has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating type 2 diabetes [1].

Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate hydrate (Hydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate hydrate) is a glucocorticoid that serves as an orally active steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (SAID). It inhibits the bioactivity of IL-6 and IL-3 with IC50 values of 6.7 and 21.4 μM, respectively. This compound is applicable in research on ulcerative colitis (UC).

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) hydrate plays a pivotal role in maintaining the normal functioning of the brain, the nervous system, and blood formation. This compound is beneficial in various inflammatory diseases and provides protection against pathologies related to oxidative stress.

Sodium sesquicarbonate hydrate is a compound with buffering activity, capable of stabilizing pH by neutralizing acidic substances without causing drastic changes. This characteristic makes it widely used in various fields, particularly notable for its effectiveness in maintaining acid-base balance within biological systems.

Quinolin-8-ol sulfate hydrate is an organic compound commonly used as a raw material in dyes and chemical analysis. It can complex with metal ions to form dyes and is widely applied in the fields of dye production, printing, and textile manufacturing. Additionally, this compound exhibits good toxicity and biocompatibility, allowing for applications in certain pharmaceutical areas.