spasms

Zolmitriptan (311C90) selectively binds to and activates serotonin (5-HT) 1B receptors expressed in intracranial arteries and 5-HT 1D receptors located on peripheral trigeminal sensory nerve terminals in the meninges and central terminals in brainstem sensory nuclei. Zolmitriptan is a member of the triptan class of agents with anti-migraine properties. Receptor binding results in constriction of cranial vessels, reduction of vessel pulsation and inhibition of nociceptive transmission, thereby providing relief of migraine headaches. Zolmitriptan may also relieve migraine headaches by inhibition of pro-inflammatory neuropeptide release.

Clidinium bromide (Ro 2-3773) , a synthetic anticholinergic agent, has been shown in experimental and clinical researchers to have a pronounced antisecretory and antispasmodic effect on the gastrointestinal tract. It can inhibit muscarinic actions of acetylcholine at postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites. It is used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve cramps or stomach spasms or abdominal due to colicky abdominal diverticulitis, pain, and irritable bowel syndrome.

Baclofen (Lioresal) is a synthetic chlorophenyl-butanoic acid derivative used to treat spasms due to spinal cord damage and multiple sclerosis, muscle-relaxing Baclofen acts as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist specific for GABA-B receptors. It acts at spinal and supraspinal sites, reducing excitatory transmission.

Fesoterodine fumarate (Toviaz) is the fumarate salt form of fesoterodine, a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist with muscle relaxant and urinary antispasmodic properties. Fesoterodine is rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo into its active metabolite 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine, which binds and inhibits muscarinic receptors on the bladder detrusor muscle, thereby preventing bladder contractions or spasms caused by acetylcholine.

Tolazoline (Benzalolin), a non-selective competitive α-adrenergic receptor antagonist, is used as a vasodilator to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels. It has also been used successfully as an antidote to reverse the severe peripheral vasoconstriction as a result of overdose with certain 5-HT2A agonist drugs.

Oxyphenonium Free Base, a quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent, exhibits peripheral side effects paralleling those of ATROPINE. It functions as an adjunct in managing gastric and duodenal ulcers and alleviates visceral spasms. The compound is also employed as eye drops to induce a mydriatic effect.

Chlorphenesin Carbamate is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used to treat muscle pain and spasms and also an antifungal agent.

Dicyclonon is a muscarinic antagonist utilized as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It has some local anesthetic properties and is utilized in biliary, gastrointestinal,

Leiopyrrole is an anticholinergic compound that can be used to relieve spasms.

Tralomethrin is used as a pyrethroid insecticide. It modifies the gating kinetics of the sodium channels in neurons, increases the length of time the channel remains open after a stimulus, thereby depolarizing the neuron for a longer period of time. This leads to uncontrolled spasms, paralysis, and eventual death.

Methantheline Bromide is a synthetic spasmolytic used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach, bowel, and bladder. It is also useful for intestinal or gastric ulcers (peptic ulcer disease), intestinal problems, pancreatitis, gastritis, biliary dysmotil

Oxyphenonium bromide (Oxyfenon) shows anticholinergic activity and can be used for research on the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers and for the relief of visceral spasms.

Pramiverine is a long-acting choline dissolving agent used for gastrointestinal spasms.

2-(Isopentylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione is a vitamin K analog.1It inhibits spasms induced by pentylenetetrazole and tonic hindlimb extension induced by maximal electroshock (MES) in mice (ED50s = 349.2 and 108.1 mg/kg, respectively). It also protects mice against seizures in the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test (ED50s = 152.7 and 263.7 mg/kg at stimulus intensities of 32 and 44 mA, respectively). 1.Li, X., Himes, R.A., Prosser, L.C., et al.Discovery of the first vitamin K analogue as a potential treatment of pharmacoresistant seizuresJ. Med. Chem.63(11)5865-5878(2020)

Propantheline is an orally active antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), commonly employed to investigate smooth muscle dysfunction, hyperhidrosis, smooth muscle spasms or cramps in the stomach, intestines, or bladder, as well as involuntary urination [1] [2] [3].

Fenoverine (Spasmopriv) is a novel smooth muscle motor synchronizer with anti-spasmodic activity that inhibits fast and slow Ca2+ channel currents in a concentration-dependent manner and can be used to study gastrointestinal spasms.

Pipoxolan (free base) is an antispasmodic drug. In vivo, the drug inhibited the contractions of intestines caused by neostigmine, barium chloride or injection of acetylcholine. The drug possesses ganglioplegic action and inhibited the decrease in blood pressure caused by stimulation of the vagus nerve. The drug is marketed under tradename Rowapraxin worldwide for the treatment of spasms and colics in the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder and urogenital area, bronchial spasms, spastic menstrual cramps. Recent studies have shown that pipoxalan has anticancer activity and inhibits proliferation of leukemia cells in animal models.

Pipoxolan (HCl) is an antispasmodic drug. In vivo, the drug inhibited the contractions of intestines caused by neostigmine, barium chloride or injection of acetylcholine. The drug possesses ganglioplegic action and inhibited the decrease in blood pressure caused by stimulation of the vagus nerve. The drug is marketed under tradename Rowapraxin worldwide for the treatment of spasms and colics in the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder and urogenital area, bronchial spasms, spastic menstrual cramps. Recent studies have shown that pipoxalan has anticancer activity and inhibits proliferation of leukemia cells in animal models.

Clidinium Bromide-d5 is a deuterated compound of Clidinium Bromide. Clidinium Bromide has a CAS number of 3485-62-9. Clidinium, a synthetic anticholinergic agent, has been shown in experimental and clinical researchers to have a pronounced antisecretory and antispasmodic effect on the gastrointestinal tract. It can inhibit muscarinic actions of acetylcholine at postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites. It is used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve cramps or stomach spasms or abdominal due to colicky abdominal diverticulitis, pain, and irritable bowel syndrome.

Baclofen-d4 is a deuterated compound of Baclofen. Baclofen has a CAS number of 1134-47-0. Baclofen is a synthetic chlorophenyl-butanoic acid derivative used to treat spasms due to spinal cord damage and multiple sclerosis, muscle-relaxing Baclofen acts as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist specific for GABA-B receptors. It acts at spinal and supraspinal sites, reducing excitatory transmission.