rat d4

Iloperidone (HP 873) is an atypical antipsychotic agent that is used for treatment of schizophrenia.

ABT 724 trihydrochloride is an effective and selective agonist of the D4 receptor (EC50 = 12.4 nM, 14.3 nM, and 23.2 nM for human, rat and ferret, respectively). ABT-724 trihydrochloride can be used in erectile dysfunction studies.

Sonepiprazole (PNU-101387G) is a chemical compound known for its selective antagonistic properties toward D4 dopamine receptors, exhibiting dissociation constants (Kis) of 3.6 nM and 10.1 nM for rat D4 (rD4) and human D4.2 (hD4.2) dopamine receptors, respectively; it shows significantly less affinity for rat D2 (rD2) dopamine and Histamine-H1 receptors, with Kis of 5147 nM and 7430 nM, respectively.

NRA-0160 is a selective antagonist of dopamine D4 receptor(Ki of 0.48 nM)

ABT-670 is a selective agonist of dopamine D4 receptor. For human D4, ferret D4, and rat D4, the EC50 values are 89 nM, 160 nM, and 93 nM , respectively.

Fananserin is an effective, selective and oral active antagonist of 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.37 nM for the rat 5-HT2A). Fananserin is an antagonist of human D4 receptor (Ki = 2.93 nM).

Iloperidone hydrochloride is a D(2) 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist. It is also an atypical antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia symptoms.

PD 89211 is a selective dopamine D4 receptor antagonist with high selectivity for the DA D4.2 receptor (> 800-fold) as compared to other hDA receptor subtypes, rat brain serotonin, and adrenergic receptors. In vitro, PD 89211 reverses quinpirole-induced [

Nifuroxazide-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nifuroxazide by GC- or LC-MS. Nifuroxazide is a nitrofuran antibiotic. It is active against strains of the enteropathogenic bacteria C. jejuni, Salmonella, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella, and E. coli. It inhibits quorum sensing and virulence factor production in P. aeruginosa. Nifuroxazide inhibits STAT3 activity in a reporter assay and decreases viability of U266 and INA-6 myeloma cells, which have constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation, with EC50 values of approximately 4.5 µM for both. It also decreases viability, migration, and invasion of, and induces apoptosis in, MCF-7, 4T1, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Nifuroxazide reduces tumor growth and prevents pulmonary metastasis in a 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma model. It also reduces diarrhea, weight loss, and colon inflammation in a rat model of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis.

Gliclazide-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of gliclazide by GC- or LC-MS. Gliclazide is a sulfonylurea and an inhibitor of pancreatic β-cell ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. It is selective for pancreatic β-cell over cardiac and arterial smooth muscle cell KATP channels. Gliclazide (5 μM) increases insulin-induced glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the plasma membrane in a differentiated 3T3L1 adipocyte model of insulin resistance induced by hydrogen peroxide. Gliclazide (5 and 10 μg ml) reduces LDL oxidation by human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), decreasing TBARS content and 8-isoprostane levels. It also decreases oxidized LDL-induced HASMC proliferation and monocyte adhesion when used at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 μg ml. Gliclazide (5 mg kg) reduces serum glucose levels and increases glucose uptake by isolated rat hindquarters in a model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ).

6-Hydroxy Buspirone, an active metabolite of the anxiolytic compound buspirone, is produced via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP3A4. This compound exhibits affinity for the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A, demonstrating efficacy in the rat hippocampus and dorsal raphe with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50s) of 4 and 1 µM, respectively. Furthermore, 6-Hydroxy Buspirone acts as a potent antagonist against dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptors with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of 3.1, 4.9, and 0.85 µM, respectively, and inhibits the organic cation transporters 1 (OCT1), OCT2, and OCT3 in S2 proximal tubule cells expressing human transporters, showcasing a concentration-dependent mechanism.