ml 233

novel APJ agonist

ML233 is a potent non-peptide apelin receptor agonist (EC50 = 3.7 μM) that exhibits more than 21-fold selectivity over the closely related angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1) (>79 μM) [1].

Sirtuins (SIRTs) represent a distinct class of trichostatin A-insensitive lysyl-deacetylases (class III HDACs). Human SIRT1 is the homolog of yeast silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) and has been shown to regulate the activity of the p53 tumor suppressor and inhibit apoptosis. Small molecule activators of SIRT1, such as resveratrol, extend lifespan in yeast and C. elegans in a manner that resembles caloric restriction. CAY10591 has been identified as an activator of the enzyme SIRT1. This compound increases fluorescence by 233% in a SIRT1 activity assay. [Activator activity was defined as the percentage of signal increase relative to signal window in the following formula: 100 x (Sample - Signallow)/(Signalhigh - Signallow)]. CAY10591 suppresses TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. In THP-1 cells, TNF-α levels decreased from 325 pg/ml (control) to 104 and 53 pg/ml with 20 and 60 µM CAY10591, respectively. This activator also has a significant dose-dependent effect on fat mobilization in differentiated adipocytes, which would indicate the potential of SIRT1 activators for anti-obesity or anti-diabetic purposes.

Antibacterialagent 233 (Compound 7c) demonstrates inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 μg mL. It inhibits jack bean urease with an IC50 of 0.27 μg mL, alters the permeability of the H. pylori cell membrane, and leads to the leakage of cellular contents. Antibacterialagent 233 shows metabolic stability in both whole blood and artificial gastric fluid. Additionally, it exhibits antitumor activity against U2OS in mice.