long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid

Eicosapentaenoic Acid is an ω-3 fatty acid and an inhibitor of fatty acid synthase (FASN). Eicosapentaenoic Acid promotes DNA demethylation in the reexpression of the tumor suppressor gene CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ). Eicosapentaenoic Acid activates the RAS/ERK/C/EBPβ pathway in U937 leukemia cells through demethylation of the CpG island of H-RAS intron 1. Eicosapentaenoic Acid promotes the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vasodilation.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) sodium, an orally active omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 LC-PUFA), demonstrates a unique ability to demethylate DNA, thereby facilitating the re-expression of the tumor suppressor gene CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ). This compound also activates the RAS/ERK/C/EBPβ pathway by demethylating H-Ras intron 1 CpG island in U937 leukemia cells and promotes the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells, leading to vasodilation.

Very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFA) are crucial components of ceramides and sphingomyelins, found in the retina, sperm, and brain. The compound 14-cis-16(Z),19(Z),22(Z),25(Z),28(Z),31(Z)-hexaenoic acid is a C34:6 VLCPUFA, with its specific biological functions remaining unclear. This VLCPUFA, along with others, has been studied for its potential in activating protein kinase C.