irritant

Mefentrifluconazole is a potent, selective and orally active fungal CYP51 (Kd= 0.5 nM) inhibitor, but shows less inhibitory activity on human aromatase (IC50=0.92 μM). Mefentrifluconazole is a novel azole derivative and used as an agrochemical broad-spectrum antifungal agent.

Diethyl fumarate, a decomposition product of the pesticide Malathion, causes nonimmune contact urticaria on the skin.

Benzyl benzoate (Benzoic acid benzyl ester) is one of the older preparations used for the therapy of scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei. Its symptoms are red spots, severe itching (particularly at night), and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is useful in the therapy of scabies because it is lethal to this mite. It is also used for the therapy of lice affection of the body and head. Benzyl benzoate is not the therapy of choice for scabies because of its irritant properties.

Lauryl benzalkonium chloride (Benzododecinium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium compound.Benzododecinium chloride is an irritant for eye.

Sodium 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate is a mild oxidant. Sodium 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate can protect the shade when fabrics are printed or steamed in pad dyeing and counteract the effect of reducing substances.

L-Monomenthyl glutarate is a monoterpene compound serving as a low-irritant alternative to menthol, suitable for biochemical experiments and medicinal synthesis research.

Diethyl succinate is the diethyl ester of succinate and acts as an irritant.

Sennoside A (NSC-112929), a kind of irritant laxative isolated from rhei rhizome, causes purgative actions in the intestine.

Pimethixene maleate (Pimetixene maleate) is a potent 5-HT2B receptor antagonist with sedative and antitussive activity.Pimethixene maleate inhibits 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, 5-HT2C, histamine H1, dopamine D2 and D4.4 as well as muscarinic M1 and M2, and can be used in studies of dry and irritant cough in children. irritant cough in children.

Tuaminoheptane is a sympathomimetic and vasoconstrictor that was once used as a nasal decongestant. It works by inhibiting and accelerating the release of norepinephrine, a mechanism that likely underpins its decongestant and stimulating effects. Unlike other norepinephrine-releasing agents such as phenethylamines, Tuaminoheptane's chemical structure lacks an aromatic ring. Additionally, it acts as a skin irritant and may cause contact dermatitis by inhibiting volume-regulated cation channels, which limits its utility as a decongestant.

Sodium picofosfate is a contact irritant laxative primarily used to alleviate constipation or prepare the colon for a colonoscopy or surgery.

Lauramidopropyl betaine is a very low irritant amphoteric surfactant.

TRPA1 agonist-1 (compound 21) is an effective and selective TAAR1 agonist with an EC50 of 25.47 μM, exhibiting significant non-irritant analgesic properties in mice.

TRPV1 agonist-1 (Compound 13) is a non-irritant TRPV1 agonist that is effective when administered orally. It shows EC50 values of 4.5 nM for humans and 0.57 nM for rats. TRPV1 agonist-1 has the capability to improve swallowing function in rats and is applicable for research on dysphagia.

Dihydrocapsaicin (CCRIS1589) is isolated from Capsicum fruit. Capsaicin is the primary active component of the heat and pain-eliciting lipid soluble fraction of the Capsicum pepper. Like capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin is an irritant. Capsaicin is found in natural hot pepper extracts along with a number of impurities, including dihydrocapsaicin and several lesser impurities. Separation by HPLC is required in order to obtain pure dihydrocapsaicin. Dihydrocapsaicin represents about 10% of the compound present in commercial preparations purporting to be pure capsaicin, but it has about the same pungency as capsaicin. VR1 (vanilloid receptor 1) is a heat activated calcium ion channel which functions as a part of the normal nociceptive pain pathway. Capsaicin elicits a sensation of burning pain by activation of VR1 on small, non-myelinated polymodal C-type nociceptive nerve fibers. The potency of dihydrocapsaicin at VR1 appears equivalent to capsaicin. Antioxidant. Reduces oxidation of serum lipids. Mutagenic. Dihydrocapsaicin is an activator of VR1.

AI3-16552 is an herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.

Corydine is an alkaloid discovered in Croton echinocarpus. It can inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT) activity (IC50 = 356.8 μg/mL) and has HIV inhibitory activity.

Butachlor is a pre-emergence herbicide effective against annual grasses and select broadleaf weeds, exhibiting moderate aqueous solubility, low volatility, and moderate persistence under certain soil conditions. Butachlor shows moderate oral mammalian toxicity, is a skin and eye irritant, and displays low toxicity to honeybees, making Butachlor a well-characterized compound for environmental, toxicological, and agricultural research.

Carvyl propioate is a Skin / Eye Irritant.

Lyngbyatoxin B is an irritant form Lyngbya majuscula.

Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of arachidonic acid from thesn-2-ester position of membrane phospholipids, playing a central role in initiating the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both important mediators of the inflammatory process.1CAY10641 is an inactive alcohol derivative of a highly potent (IC50= 12 nM) cPLA2α inhibitor.2The parent compound demonstrates strong anti-inflammatory effects when applied topically at a dose of 0.1 mg/ear in a mouse model of acute irritant contact dermatitis.2CAY10641 is rapidly cleared from the blood stream (only 0.5 μg/ml remains 30 minutes after 10 mg/kg intravenous administration to mice).2However, no other biological effects have been reported. 1.Schaloske, R.H., and Dennis, E.A.The phospholipase A2 superfamily and its group numbering systemBiochemica et Biophysica Acta17611246-1259(2006) 2.Drews, A., Bovens, S., Roebrock, K., et al.1-(5-carboxyindol-1-yl)propan-2-one inhibitors of human cytosolic phospholipase A2α with reduced lipophilicity: Synthesis, biological activity, metabolic stability, solubility, bioavailability, and topical in vivo activityJournal of Medicinal Chemistry535165-5178(2010)

A number of 17-phenyl trinor prostaglandin F2α(17-phenyl trinor PGF2α) derivatives have been approved for the treatment of glaucoma.1,2,3Of these, the ones wherein the 13,14-double bond has been hydrogenated retain relatively good potency, but show a significantly reduced incidence of local irritant side effects.417-trifluoromethylphenyl-13,14-dihydro trinor PGF2αbears an aromatic ring which is reminiscent of the trifluoromethyl-phenoxy ring of travoprost ((+)-fluprostenol isopropyl ester). As an ocular hypotensive agent, it would be expected that 17-trifluoromethylphenyl-13,14-dihydro trinor PGF2αwould act very much like the free acid of latanoprost.

ω-Hydroxy-DEET, a significant metabolite of the insect repellent N-N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), exhibits anti-proliferative properties. DEET, renowned for being a spatial repellent and irritant, is frequently employed to deter mosquito contact.

Cipamfylline is a xanthine, a theophylline analogue, and is a potent and selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE-4). Cipamfylline was tested in patients with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis and in two human models of acute and chronic irritant contact dermatitis. The outcome of the study revealed that cipamfylline was more effective than vehicle in treating atopic dermatitis, but less effective than a group II steroid, hydrocortisone-17-butyrate both in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis. The absorption of cipamfylline and the subsequent systemic exposure might be the reason why further clinical studies with higher doses of cipamfylline have not been published.