chronic bronchitis

Telithromycin is a semisynthetic 14-membered macrolide antibiotic and erythromycin derivative that binds to the 50S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosome, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, and exhibits antimicrobial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for the treatment of mild to moderate respiratory infections.

ASM-024, a potent nicotinic receptor agonist, is a small molecule synthetic piperazine compound that promotes different targets and signaling pathways of β2-adrenergic receptors mediating smooth muscle relaxation, and is a potential compound for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis with anti-inflammatory activity.

Midesteine (MR-889) is a small molecule neutrophil elastase inhibitor used in the treatment of bronchitis, asthma and chronic lung disease.

Sulfalene (SMP2), a long-acting sulfonamide antibiotic, is used for the therapy of chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infections, and malaria.

Moxifloxacin hydrochloride (BAY12-8039 HCl) is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone with expanded activity against gram-positive bacteria as well as atypical pathogens. Moxifloxacin has been linked to mild ALT elevations during therapy and to rare instances of idiosyncratic acute liver injury with symptoms and jaundice.

Diphylline (Diprophylline) is a xanthine derivative. Diphylline exerts bronchodilator effects and to a lesser extent vasodilator and diuretic properties. Diphylline probably acts as a competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterase which leads to an increase in intracellular cAMP. This results in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and other smooth muscles. Diphylline may also antagonize adenosinereceptors. Diphylline is used in the treatment of acute bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Terpin hydrate, a cis-form hydrate, is derived from sources such as oil of turpentine, oregano, thyme, and eucalyptus. It is used as an insect repellent and expectorant. Terpin hydrate(cis-Terpin hydrate) is commonly used to loosen mucus and ease congestion in patients presenting with acute or chronic bronchitis, and related pulmonary conditions. It was popular in the United States since the late nineteenth century, but was removed from marketed medications in the 1990s after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated that based on the evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients . Elixirs of terpin hydrate are still available with a prescription but must be prepared by a compounding pharmacy.

Pidotimod is a synthetic dipeptide with immunomodulatory properties.

Ipratropium Bromide (Sch 1000) is a synthetic anticholinergic agent that is used as an inhalant for treatment of acute bronchospasm due to chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Sodium Houttuyfonate (Houttuynin sodium bisulfite), the active compound of the Houttuynia plant, is mainly used for treating purulent skin infections, respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia in elderly patients, and chronic bronchitis.

Nodakenin ((+)-Marmesinin) is a compound with anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Guacetisal is extracted from the esterification reaction of acetylsalicylic acid with guaiacol which can be used for research on the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

Decarboxy Moxifloxacin is a decarboxylated compound of moxifloxacin. Moxifloxacin is an oral active 8-methoxyquinolone antibiotic used in acute bacterial sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, acute bacterial deterioration, and community-acquired pneumonia.

IA-Alkyne (Iodoacetamide-alkyne) is a TRP channel (TRPC) agonist. IA-Alkyne can be used to develop an isotopically tagged probe for quantitative cysteine-reactivity profiling. It also has the potential for the study of respiratory infection.

Guaimesal is a chemical compound primarily studied for the treatment of exacerbated chronic bronchitis.

Cefdinir is an advanced broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibacterial compound approved for treating community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, acute maxillary sinusitis, pharyngitis tonsillitis, acute bacterial otitis media, and uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections in both adult and pediatric patients.

Moxifloxacin-d4 hydrochloride (BAY 12-8039-d4) is the hydrochloride salt form of deuterium-labeled Moxifloxacin (Moxifloxacin). This compound acts as an orally effective antibacterial agent and is utilized in research concerning acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and infectious pneumonia.

Tulobuterol is mainly used for the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis and chronic bronchitis. Research shows that it could inhibit rhinovirus infection in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells.

PIT (2,2'-Pyridylisatogen tosylate) is a specific, non-competitive antagonist of the Purinergic receptor P2Y1, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.14 μM for human P2Y1. It does not affect nucleotide binding and is useful in studies related to chronic bronchitis and asthma.

Aclidinium bromide (LAS-W 330) is a synthetic anticholinergic agent that is used as an inhalant for treatment of acute bronchospasm due to chronic bronchitis or emphysema. Aclidinium has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Antofloxacin Hydrochloride, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial, is used to treat acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB), acute pyelonephritis(AP), acute cystitis and multiple folliculitis.

Moxifloxacin N-sulfate is a metabolite of moxifloxacin . Moxifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Formulations containing moxifloxacin have been used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia.

Acefylline piperazine is a stimulant drug of the xanthine chemical class. It acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. Acephylline piperazine is a theophylline derivative with a direct bronchodilator action. It has the advantages over theophylline in being far less toxic and producing minimal gastric irritation. It is indicated for the treatment of asthma, emphysema, acute and chronic bronchitis associated with bronchospasm.Acefylline relaxes smooth muscles, relieves bronchospasm & has a stimulant effect on respiration. It stimulates the myocardium & central nervous system, decreases peripheral resistance & venous pressure & causes diuresis. The mechanism of action is still not clear, inhibition of phosphodiesterase with a resulting increase in intracellular cyclic AMP does occur, but not apparently at concentrations normally used for clinical effect. Other proposed mechanisms of action include adenosine receptor antagonism, prostaglandin antagonism & effects on intracellular......

Guaifenesin-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of guaifenesin by GC- or LC-MS. Guaifenesin is an expectorant. It inhibits production of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), reduces mucus viscosity and elasticity, and increases the mucociliary transport rate of endogenous particles in primary human tracheobronchial epithelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Guaifenesin increases phenol red secretion, a marker of expectorant activity, in rats.3 Formulations containing guaifenesin have been used as expectorants in the treatment of the common cold and chronic bronchitis.