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1. Orientin (Luteolin-8-glucoside) may be regarded as a candidate therapeutic agent for treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the HMGB1 signaling pathway. 2. Orientin protects vascular barrier integrity by inhibiting hyperpermeability, expression of CAMs, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases. 3. Orientin has neuroprotection effect by the intracellular mediation of caspase activity; may alleviate cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in AD mice; can exert antidepressant-like effects on CUMS mice, specifically by improving central oxidative stress, neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity.

Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium is a phospholipid found in mitochondria and is involved in mitochondrial structure and function.Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium is used in the study of neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases.

16β-hydroxycardiopetaline is a natural product that can be used in related research in the field of life sciences. Its product number is TN8767.

Cardiotoxin Analog IV (6-12) TFA, a partial peptide of Cardiotoxin Analog IV, is derived from the venom of the Taiwan Cobra, showcasing the unique properties of snake venom cardiotoxin[1].

Vincamine (Perval) is a major alkaloid of Vinca minor L., Apocynaceae. It has been used therapeutically as a vasodilator and antihypertensive agent, particularly in cerebrovascular disorders.

Safflower yellow is extracted from the flowers of the plant safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) and as the traditional Chinese medicine it has been extensively used for the treatment of cardio cerebrovascular diseases.

DL-Borneol ((endo)-Borneol) is a small molecule extracted from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is an orally bioadjuvant that improves drug delivery to the brain and is commonly used as an adjuvant ingredient in TCM for the treatment of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases.

Safflower yellow (Saffron powder) is extracted from the flowers of the plant safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). As traditional Chinese medicine, safflower has been extensively used for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.

Pseudoginsenoside F11 (Ginsenoside A1) is a component of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng) which main pharmacological activities are positive inotropic effect on isolated heart function, good therapeutic effect on myocardial ischemia, and good protective effect on cardio-cerebrovascular system and nervous system.

Astragaloside III has cardioprotective effects as well as causing improvement in cognitive function. It can be used in the prevention of cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. It also is antioxidant.

Norbixin, a carotenoid found in B. orellana, exhibits various biological activities including binding to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) with a Ki of 1.15 µM in a cell-free assay. At a dosage of 47.7 mg/kg, norbixin effectively alleviates hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, in addition to reducing serum lipid levels, cardiac thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and glutathione (GSH) in rat cardio-metabolic syndrome models. It also lowers serum levels of oxidized LDL, aortic protein oxidation, and the atherosclerotic area in a rabbit cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis model. Furthermore, norbixin, administered at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg per day, minimizes mercury-induced DNA damage in rat hepatocytes and leukocytes and prevents photoreceptor degeneration in an Abca4-/- Rdh8-/- mouse model of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).