bovine

Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) are a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from bovine brain with different fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) are the most abundant phospholipids in prokaryotes and the second most abundant in mammalian, plant and yeast cell membranes. Phosphatidylethanolamines (bovine) are the most abundant phospholipids in prokaryotes and the second most abundant phospholipids in the cell membranes of mammals, plants, and yeast, accounting for about 25% of the total mammalian phospholipids.

Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is a globular protein employed in various biochemical applications.

Collagen, Type I, from bovine achilles tendon is a type I collagen derived from bovine achilles tendon, which is widely found in marine invertebrate tissues. Collagen, Type I, from bovine achilles tendon is the only component of collagen fibers that make up the dermis, and plays a major role in bone and connective tissue. connective tissues, and functions primarily by forming and maintaining the integrity of the skeleton.

Phosphatidylserine is a naturally occurring phospholipid that comprises 2-10% of total phospholipids in mammals and is enriched in the central nervous system, particularly the retina. It is anionic and found mainly on the inner leaflet of the cell membrane. It is biosynthesized from phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine by phosphatidyl synthase 1 (PSS1) or PSS2, respectively, in the endoplasmic reticulum and can be reversibly converted back by the same enzymes. It can also be irreversibly converted to phosphatidylethanolamine by phosphatidylserine decarboxylase in the mitochondria. Phosphatidylserine binds to T cell immunoglobulin mucin type 1 (TIM-1) and TIM-4 receptors as well as brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1), leading to anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. It is also a cofactor involved in the activation of various signaling pathways through activation of protein kinase C, neutral sphingomyelinase, and c-Raf-1 protein kinase among others. Phosphatidylserine is externalized during apoptosis by scramblases in the plasma membrane as a signal for phagocytes to engulf the cell. Phosphatidylserines (bovine) is a mixture of bovine phosphatidylserines containing fatty acids with variable chain lengths at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.

Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium is a phospholipid found in mitochondria and is involved in mitochondrial structure and function.Cardiolipin (Heart, Bovine) sodium is used in the study of neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Escherichia coli 055:B5, are a unique component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. They are composed of three regions: lipid A, oligosaccharide core, and O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen). Lipopolysaccharides help maintain the integrity of the cell outer membrane and protect bacteria from damage by bile salts and lipid antibiotics. Lipopolysaccharides are highly immunogenic antigens that can enhance immune responses and can be used to construct inflammatory models.

Calf thymus DNA (DNA from calf thymus, Thymonucleic acid) is a high-quality double-stranded template DNA extracted from the bovine thymus gland, widely used in studying DNA binding anticancer agents and DNA binding agents that regulate DNA structure and function.

Kanamycin sulfate (Kanamycin monosulfate) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that interferes with protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosomal subunit of bacteria. Kanamycin sulfate exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as mycoplasmas.

L-Ornithine ((S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid) exhibits an anti-fatigue function by promoting ammonia excretion and enhancing energy consumption efficiency.

Diffractaic Acid (NSC 685595) can inhibit LTB4 biosynthesis in A-23187-stimulated bovine PMNL cells with activity value of 8 μM.

Calyculin A ((-)-Calyculin A), a toxicant in the Japanese marine sponge CDiscodermia calyxC, is a selective and potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), inducing hyperactivation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa and inhibiting radiation-induced gammaH2AX DNA repair disease in human lymphocytes. gammaH2AX DNA repair foci in human lymphocytes.

2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (Gentisaldehyde) has antioxidant activity against Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde also inhibits S. aureus strains(MIC50: 500 mg L).

1. Farrerol has antioxidative activity.2. Farrerol modulates TAP and BNBD5 gene expression in mammary gland, enhances bMEC defense against S. aureus infection and could be useful in protection against bovine mastitis. 3. Farrerol inactivates KEAP-1 or act

Harzianopyridone is an atpenin-like compound that functions as an inhibitor of mammalian and nematode mitochondrial complex II, also known as succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (SQR), demonstrating IC50 values of 0.017, 0.2, and 2 μM against bovine, rat, and nematode complex II, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits nematode quinol-fumarate reductase (QFR) with an IC50 value of 0.36 μM. Significantly selective for complex II over complexes I and III in rats and cattle, as well as complex I in nematodes, with IC50 values exceeding 100 μM, it exhibits notable antibacterial and antifungal properties, with EC50 values of 35.9, 42.2, 60.4, and 50.2 μg/ml against R. solani, S. rolfsii, M. phaseolina, and F. oxysporum, respectively.

Aselacin A targets the endothelin-1 receptor (ET-1 Receptor) and inhibits the binding of ET-1 to both ETA and ETB receptors. It effectively impedes the binding of ET-1 to bovine atrial membranes and porcine brain membranes, with IC50 values of 22 μg mL and 20 μg mL, respectively. Aselacin A is applicable for cardiovascular disease research.

4',2-Dihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxydihydrochalcone, an estrogen agonist, demonstrates significant binding affinity for estrogen receptors in bovine uterine tissue, with an IC50 value of 15 μM.

Disialyllactose, one of the most abundant sialylated oligosaccharides in bovine milk, is a notable component.

Paspalinine can inhibit binding of [125I]charybdotoxin (ChTX) to maxi-K channels in bovine aortic smooth muscle sarcolemmal membranes. Paspalinine shows tremorgenic action, which may be due in part to their inhibition of GABAA receptor function.

Napyradiomycin A1is a fungal metabolite originally isolated fromC. rubraand has diverse biological activities.1,2It is active againstS. aureus,M. luteus,B. anthracis,C. bovis, andM. smegmatis(MICs = 1.56-12.5 μg/ml).1Napyradiomycin A1is an estrogen receptor antagonist (IC50= 4.2 μM in rat uterine homogenates).2It also inhibits mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) and succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex II) activities in bovine heart homogenates (IC50s = 20 and 9.7 μM, respectively).3 1.Shiomi, K., Iinuma, H., Hamada, M., et al.Novel antibiotics napyradiomycins. Production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activityJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)39(4)487-493(1986) 2.Hori, Y., Abe, Y., Shigematsu, N., et al.Napyradiomycins A and B1: Non-steroidal estrogen-receptor antagonists produced by a StreptomycesJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)46(12)1890-1893(1993) 3.Yamamoto, K., Tashiro, E., Motohashi, K., et al.Napyradiomycin A1, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complexes I and IIJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)65(4)211-214(2012)

14-Deoxyandrographolide is a bioactive compound of Andrographis paniculata with hepatoprotective efficacy. It desensitizes hepatocytes to TNF-α-mediated apoptosis through the release of TNFRSF1A release.

Bactenecin TFA (Bactenecin, bovine TFA), a potent 12-aa looped antimicrobial peptide derived from bovine neutrophils, effectively inhibits bacterial and yeast growth, eradicates Trichophyton rubrum fungus, enhances membrane permeability, and suppresses B. pseudomallei growth and biofilm formation [1] [2] [3].

Isocupressic acid ((+)-Isocupressic acid) is an abortifacient isolated from pine needles and bark that blocks progesterone production in bovine corpus luteum cells.

3-demethylcolchicine is a natural product isolated from Gloriosa superba.Inhibitory effect on the polymerization of purified bovine brain tubulin.

Isoxanthohumol is a prenylated flavonoid derived from hops and beer with antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines.Isoxanthohumol inhibits the metastasis or invasion of lung metastases of tumor cells.Isoxanthohumol has antiviral activity against herpesviruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).