bile

Gut restricted-7 (GR-7) is a covalent and orally active pan-bile salt hydrolase (BSH) inhibitor that reduces gut bacterial BSHs and decreases deconjugated bile acid levels in the feces of mice.

Taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues and is one of the constituents of bile acids. Taurine is involved in a number of processes related to energy expenditure and muscle function, and can treat fatigue and muscles as well as improve immune function.

3-Oxo-5β-cholanoic acid (Dehydrolithocholic acid) is a bile acid metabolite that inhibits TH17 cell differentiation by directly binding to the transcription factor RORγt with a Kd of 1.13 μM.

glycohyodeoxycholic acid is a major metabolite of the secondary bile acid hyodeoxycholic acid in humans.

Brilliant Green Lactose Bile Broth is utilized for the confirmation test of coliform bacteria. It is composed of tryptone, lactose, oxgall, and brilliant green.

Violet Red Bile Agar is used for the solid plate detection of coliforms (GB, SN standards). Its composition includes peptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride, lactose, bile salts, crystal violet, neutral red, and agar.

Violet Red Bile Glucose Agar can be used for the enumeration of intestinal bacteria and identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Each liter of Violet Red Bile Glucose Agar medium contains: 7.0 g pancreatic digest of gelatin, 3.0 g yeast extract, 1.5 g sodium deoxycholate, 10.0 g glucose, 5.0 g sodium chloride, 0.03 g neutral red, 0.002 g crystal violet, and 15.0 g agar.

Bile extract is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Nobiletin (Hexamethoxyflavone) is a natural polymethoxylated flavone isolated from citrus peels with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Nobiletin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa).

5'-Methoxynobiletin is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T124370.

5-O-Demethylnobiletin (5-DEMETHYLNOBILETIN) is a natual product, has anti-inflammatory activity, it may act through a direct inhibition of 5-LOX, without affecting the expression of COX-2.

4′-Demethylnobiletin, a bioactive metabolite, activates the PKA ERK CREB signaling pathway, enhances CRE-mediated transcription in hippocampal neurons, and reverses memory impairment linked to NMDA receptor antagonism through ERK signaling stimulation [1].

5-Demethylnobiletin (2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7,8-trimethoxychromen-4-one), a distinctive flavonoid present in citrus fruits, shows potential as a chemopreventive agent against human cancers.

3'-Demethylnobiletin has chemopreventive effects on colon carcinogenesis, it can significantly inhibit the growth of human colon cancer cells, cause cell-cycle arrest, induce apoptosis, and profoundly modulate signaling proteins related with cell prolifer

GroES mobile loop is a flexible region of unbound GroES that interacts with GroEL via the residues located at the tip of the loop.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Escherichia coli 055:B5, are a unique component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. They are composed of three regions: lipid A, oligosaccharide core, and O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen). Lipopolysaccharides help maintain the integrity of the cell outer membrane and protect bacteria from damage by bile salts and lipid antibiotics. Lipopolysaccharides are highly immunogenic antigens that can enhance immune responses and can be used to construct inflammatory models.

Ceruletide is a decapeptide that is a safe and effective cholecystokinin and cholecystokinin receptor agonist with direct spasmodic effects on the gallbladder muscle and bile duct.[1]

Tauroursodeoxycholate (UR 906), also known as ursodoxicoltaurine, is a highly hydrophilic tertiary bile acid that is produced in humans at a low concentration. Tauroursodeoxycholate is the more hydrophilic form of ursodeoxycholic acid, which is the more abundant naturally produced bile acid in humans.Tauroursodeoxycholate is being investigated for use in several conditions such as Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), insulin resistance, amyloidosis, Cystic Fibrosis, Cholestasis, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (Lithocholylglycine) is a glycine conjugate of lithocholic acid, a bile acid. It is increased in livers of mice that are fed diets supplemented with ursadeoxycholic acid. Glycolithocholic acid levels are decreased in lean mice treated with obestatin. Serum glycolithocholic acid levels increase with age in children.

Taurocholic acid (N-Choloyltaurine) is a bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.Taurocholic acid is cytoprotective, preventing tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cholangiocyte damage via a PI3K-mediated pathway.

BSH-IN-1 is a potent, covalent inhibitor of gut bacterial recombinant bile salt hydrolases (BSHs; IC50s: 108 nM for B. longum BSH and 427 nM for B. theta BSH).

L-692429 (MK-0751) is a potent nonpeptidyl growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) agonist and benzolactam derivative, known for reversing glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of GH secretion. L-692429 exhibits high affinity for the G protein-coupled receptor and is useful in studying acromegaly and obesity.

Elobixibat (A 3309) is an inhibitor of the ileal bile acid transporter (IC50: 0.13 nM, 0.53 nM, and 5.8 nM for mouse, human, and canine IBAT). Elobixibat can be used in studies about chronic idiopathic constipation.

Ursodeoxycholic acid sodium (Sodium Ursodeoxycholate) is a naturally occurring secondary bile acid with anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activities. Ursodeoxycholic acid sodium acts as signaling molecule, exerting its effects by interacting with bile acid activated receptors,