agriculture

Monepantel (AAD1566) is an organic anthelmintic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist from roundworms and esophagostomies that is widely used for de-worming in agriculture and livestock.

Enilconazole is an Agricultural fungicide Enilconazole is a fungicide widely used in agriculture, particularly in the growing of citrus fruits. It is also called Imazalil (Enilconazole), Chloramizole, Freshgard, Fungaflor, and Nuzone

2,3-Butanediol, derived from the bioconversion of natural resources, holds significant potential for various industries, including chemical, cosmetics, agriculture, and pharmaceutical sectors.

Fenhexamid (Elevate), a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor, shows antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus. Fenhexamid is used for agriculture and is present in measurable amounts in fruits and vegetables.

Chlormequat chloride (EI 38,555), a plant growth regulator, is widely applied in agriculture because it can promote sturdier growth of the crops.

Boscalid is a broad-spectrum carboxamide fungicide that inhibits fungal respiration by binding to the ubiquinone site of mitochondrial complex II succinate dehydrogenase.1It suppresses mycelial growth ofS. minorby 87 to 100% and ofS. sclerotiorumby 77 to 100% when used at a concentration of 1 μg ml.2In field studies, boscalid applied at 5.6 μg cm2provides 55.5 and 30.4% disease control for lettuce drop caused byS. minorandS. sclerotiorum, respectively. It decreases cell viability of mouse primary cortical neurons following long-term exposure but is not cytotoxic (LC50= >100 μM for acute and continuous exposure). Formulations containing boscalid have been used in agriculture to prevent fungal growth on crops. 1.Wang, Y., Duan, Y., Wang, J., et al.A new point mutation in the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase confers resistance to boscalid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorumMol. Plant Pathol.16(7)653-661(2015) 2.Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M.Activity of boscalid, fenhexamid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, and vinclozolin on growth of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum and development of lettuce dropPlant Dis.88(6)665-668(2004)

Cyfluthrin binds to voltage-sensitive sodium channel such as Nav 1.8 sodium channel and modify their gating kinetics, thereby disrupting nerve function of pests.

Thiacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that acts as a selective agonist at insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) with IC50values of 2.7 and 860 nM forDrosophilanAChRs and M10 mouse fibroblast cells expressing α4β2 subunit-containing nAChRs, respectively.1It is active against aphids, whiteflies, various species of beetle, andLepidopteraspecies when used at concentrations ranging from 48 to 180 g AI hectare.2It has anti-estrogenic activity in a yeast estrogen screen and is toxic to adult female houseflies and mice (LD50s = 0.03 and 28 mg kg, respectively).1,3Formulations containing thiacloprid have been used in the control of insects in agriculture. 1.Tomizawa, M., and Casida, J.E.Selective toxicity of neonicotinoids attributable to specificity of insect and mammalian nicotinic receptorsAnnu. Rev. Entomol.48339-364(2003) 2.Elbert, A., Erdelen, C., Kuhnhold, J., et al.Thiacloprid, a novel neonicotinoid insecticide for foliar applicationProc. Brighton Crop. Prot. Conf. - Pests and Diseases121-26(2000) 3.Westlund, P., and Yargeau, V.Investigation of the presence and endocrine activities of pesticides found in wastewater effluent using yeast-based bioassaysSci. Total Environ.607-608744-751(2017)

3-Indoleacetic acid sodium (Heteroauxin sodium salt) is a naturally occurring plant hormone of the auxin class. It can stimulate cell elongation and division, promoting plant growth and development. However, at high concentrations, it exhibits growth inhibiting effects, including epinasty and prevention of shoot and root growth. This latter effect formed the basis for which synthetic auxins were developed as herbicides and bioregulators in agriculture.

Imidacloprid is a systemic chloronicotinyl insecticide, which can be effectively used in agriculture to control pests .

Diphenylamine hydrochloride, isolated from coriander, has antioxidant properties. In agriculture, it can be used as a fungicide and antibacterial agent; in industry, it can be used as an antioxidant and dye mordant.

Diclofop-methyl is a common post-growth herbicide commonly used in agriculture. It enhances proton permeability of isolated oat root vesicle membranes.

Admire is an important compound in the study of pesticides in agriculture.

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (Transplantone) , is widely used in agriculture for various purposes. It is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial plant rooting horticultural products.

N6-(m-Methoxybenzyl)adenosine is an adenine nucleoside analog and a cytokinin derivative that can be used in agriculture to study branch growth and reproduction.

TMTD (Tetramethylthiuram disulfide) reduces the growth performance of chickens by reducing liver index, while increasing kidney, heart and spleen index. In addition, TMTD also induces tibial chondrodysplasia (TD) by regulating the expression of VEGF, HIF-1α and WNT4. As a super accelerator in rubber processing, TMTD plays an important role in the low-temperature vulcanization process and is a key pesticide in agriculture.

(S)-Metolachor （(S)-Metolachlor） is a carcinogenic insecticide, a derivative of aniline, and is a frequent subject of research in agriculture and environmental protection.

Fenitrothion (Arbogal) is a broad-spectrum insecticide that shows reproductive toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans, inhibiting cholinesterase and mites. It is commonly used in agriculture.

Sodium methanearsonate (Methylarsenic acid, sodium salt) is a common herbicide used in agriculture.

Pyriftalid is a novel insecticide known for its potent inhibitory activity against a variety of pests. It is widely utilized in agriculture to effectively manage crop pests, thereby enhancing both the yield and quality of crops. Additionally, research is exploring the use of Pyriftalid in boosting plant resistance to pests and diseases.

Vinclozolin (Ornalin) is a fungicide with anti-androgenic activity and is commonly used in agriculture.

Metiram is a polymeric dithiocarbamic fungicide used in agriculture. Metiram is now a mixture and is not assigned an ISO name. Metiram is used frequently in the protection of tomatoes, potatoes, apples, grapevines, and other crops.

Dihydrozeatin is a plant cytokinin and can be used in agriculture to make plants grow larger.

2-Chloroacetamide is a versatile chemical compound with several applications. Acting as a preservative and herbicide, it effectively controls vegetation in upland areas as well as paddy fields. Additionally, it serves as a biocide in diverse sectors including agriculture, glues, paints, and coatings. Notably, 2-Chloroacetamide demonstrates inhibitory properties toward very-long-chain fatty acid elongase, further highlighting its multifaceted nature.