(±)-carnitine

Isobutyryl-L-carnitine is a member of the class of compounds known as acylcarnitines. Isobutyryl-L-carnitine is a product of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.

Decanoyl-L-carnitine ((-)-Decanoylcarnitine) is a L-carnitine derivative that promotes the formation of saturated fatty acid metabolites.

L-Carnitine tartrate is a Carnitine/ Constituent of striated muscle and liver. It is used to treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias.

Eicosapentaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride is a long-chain acylcarnitine comprised of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and L-Carnitine. In a mouse model of myopia induced by defocus lenses, mice fed with diets rich in n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) showed increased levels of Eicosapentaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride in their eyes.

Tigloyl-L-carnitine (chloride) is a short-chain acylcarnitine composed of tigloic acid and L-carnitine. It is found in elevated levels in the plasma of certain melanoma xenograft mouse models and can be utilized in melanoma research.

Isovaleryl-L-carnitine is a naturally occurring acylcarnitine that is formed via metabolic conversion of L-leucine. It increases survival and decreases apoptosis in hepatocyte growth factor-deprived murine C2.8 hepatocytes when used at a concentration of 1 mM. Isovaleryl-L-carnitine inhibits amino acid deprivation-induced proteolysis and autophagy in isolated perfused rat liver when used at concentrations of 77 and 100 μM, respectively. Increased levels of isovaleryl carnitine are associated with isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (isovaleric acidemia).

Decanoyl-L-carnitine is an ester derivative of L-carnitine . It increases the formation of C24 fatty acid intermediates, as well as docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid in rat hepatocytes.

Arachidonoyl-L-carnitine chloride is an endogenous metabolite and acylcarnitine widely used in biochemical experiments and studies of metabolic disorders.

Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride (Acylcarnitine C18:0) is a long-chain acylcarnitine found in the cerebellum that inhibits GlyT2 and is an important component in the study of lipid metabolism.

Heptanoyl-L-carnitine is a medium-chain acylcarnitine and derivative of L-carnitine .

Isobutyryl-L-carnitine chloride is a potential clinical OCT1 biomarker for DDI evaluation and can be used to study heart failure.

Oleoyl-L-carnitine, a long-chain acylcarnitine, acts as a selective inhibitor of glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2; IC50 = 340 nM) while demonstrating significantly lesser affinity for GlyT1 (IC50 = >10,000 nM). Elevated plasma levels of this compound have been observed in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease undergoing initial hemodialysis, correlating with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality.

D-Carnitine, an orally available isomer of the essential nutrient L-carnitine, facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix for beta-oxidation. Additionally, D-Carnitine exhibits antiparasitic activity [1] [2] [3].

Docosahexaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride is a long-chain acyl-L-carnitine composed of Docosahexaenoic acid and L-carnitine. Under the influence of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) and other enzymes, it is transported to the mitochondria for β-oxidation and breakdown. Docosahexaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride holds potential for research in diseases related to fatty acid metabolism.

C12:1 L-Carnitine chloride is an acylcarnitine lipid.

pacFA L-carnitine is an acylcarnitine lipid.

C16:0(Alkyne) L-carnitine is an acylcarnitine lipid. This compound features an alkyne group and serves as a click chemistry reagent. In the presence of a copper (Cu) catalyst, its terminal alkyne can react with an azide-containing reagent to form highly specific linkages.

C14:1 L-Carnitine chloride is an acylcarnitine lipid.

(±)-Carnitine chloride (Monocamin) is a quaternary ammonium compound biosynthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.

DL-Carnitine (Carnitina) is the constituent of liver and striated muscle. In therapeutically It is used to stimulate pancreatic and gastric secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

D-Carnitine hydrochloride ((S)-Carnitine Hydrochloride) is a component of striated muscle and liver, used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

Etomoxir sodium salt ((R)-Etomoxir sodium salt) is a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT-1a) inhibitor that inhibits fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Etomoxir sodium salt has antitumor activity.

McN3716 is a carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1) inhibitor used for researching metabolic diseases.

L-Carnitine (L(-)-Carnitine) is an amino acid derivative. L-Carnitine facilitates long-chain fatty acid entry into mitochondria, delivering substrate for oxidation and subsequent energy production. Fatty acids are utilized as an energy substrate in all tissues except the brain.