Nitrogen Metabolism Kit

Proteins contain three sulfur-containing amino acids: methionine, cystine, and cysteine (Cys). Among them, Cys is the only sulfur-containing amino acid with a sulfhydryl group. It is derived from methionine and can interconvert with cystine. Cys participates in the formation of disulfide bonds in proteins, often serving as a component of the active site, and provides sulfhydryl groups for other physiological and biochemical reactions. Additionally, Cys accumulates extensively on the skin and mucosal surfaces, maintaining the activity of important sulfhydryl enzymes in keratin production and replenishing sulfhydryl groups to support normal skin metabolism. It also regulates the production of basal melanin by pigment cells in the innermost layer of the epidermis, contributing to effects such as skin whitening, detoxification, and improvement of inflammatory and allergic skin conditions.

Citrate Synthase (CS) (EC 2.3.3.1) is a mitochondrial enzyme found in all cells capable of oxidative metabolism. It catalyzes the synthesis of citrate from oxaloacetate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. CS is involved in energy production, lipogenesis, and cholesterol synthesis, and its activity follows a circadian rhythm. The Citrate Synthase Activity Assay Kit is used to measure CS activity in various tissues, cell cultures (adherent or suspension), and purified mitochondria.

Asparagine synthase (AS) is a type of aminotransferase widely found in living organisms, which catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from glutamine to aspartic acid; the formation of asparagine is a detoxification reaction when plants are under ammonia toxicity.

Animal liver and kidney are the main organs for amino acid metabolism, so changes in urinary amino acids can best reflect the physiological status of the liver and kidney. In addition, amino acids can also reflect conditions such as burns and typhoid fever. The content of amino acids in plants is of great significance for studying changes in nitrogen metabolism of plants under different conditions and at different growth and development stages, as well as plants' absorption, transportation, assimilation of nitrogen and their nutritional status. This kit is used to determine the content of L-amino acids in biological samples.

Cysteinyl sulfoxide lyase (CSL), commonly known as alliinase, is widely found in Allium genus plants of the Liliaceae family (such as garlic and onions), Brassica genus plants of the Brassicaceae family (such as cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli), and Acacia genus plants of the Fabaceae family. Lentinic acid is converted into lenthionine under the action of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and cysteinyl sulfoxide lyase, producing pyruvate, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and NH₃. CSL is one of the key enzymes in endogenous formaldehyde production, and measuring its activity is of great significance for food safety research.

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is an important intracellular element responsible for regulating numerous cellular processes. Calcium exists either as free ions or bound in complexes, such as the calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate complexes that form bone tissue. Many physiological processes, including muscle contraction, cell adhesion, hormone/neurotransmitter release, glycogen metabolism, cell proliferation/differentiation, blood coagulation, nerve or synaptic impulse transmission, and the structural support of bones, are regulated by calcium signaling. Deficiencies in the integrity of cell-specific calcium signaling systems may be associated with certain human diseases.

Citrate Synthase (CS) (EC 2.3.3.1) is a mitochondrial enzyme found in all cells capable of oxidative metabolism. It catalyzes the synthesis of citrate from oxaloacetate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. CS is involved in energy production, lipogenesis, and cholesterol synthesis, and its activity follows a circadian rhythm. The Citrate Synthase Activity Assay Kit is used to measure CS activity in various tissues, cell cultures (adherent or suspension), and purified mitochondria.

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is an important intracellular element responsible for regulating numerous cellular processes. Calcium exists either as free ions or bound in complexes, such as the calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate complexes that form bone tissue. Many physiological processes, including muscle contraction, cell adhesion, hormone/neurotransmitter release, glycogen metabolism, cell proliferation/differentiation, blood coagulation, nerve or synaptic impulse transmission, and the structural support of bones, are regulated by calcium signaling. Deficiencies in the integrity of cell-specific calcium signaling systems may be associated with certain human diseases.

Urea is the end product of the breakdown of nitrogen-containing compounds in living organisms and is decomposed into ammonia under the catalysis of urease. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is one of the main indicators of kidney function.

Proteins contain three sulfur-containing amino acids: methionine, cystine, and cysteine (Cys). Among them, Cys is the only sulfur-containing amino acid with a sulfhydryl group. It is derived from methionine and can interconvert with cystine. Cys participates in the formation of disulfide bonds in proteins, often serving as a component of the active site, and provides sulfhydryl groups for other physiological and biochemical reactions. Additionally, Cys accumulates extensively on the skin and mucosal surfaces, maintaining the activity of important sulfhydryl enzymes in keratin production and replenishing sulfhydryl groups to support normal skin metabolism. It also regulates the production of basal melanin by pigment cells in the innermost layer of the epidermis, contributing to effects such as skin whitening, detoxification, and improvement of inflammatory and allergic skin conditions.

Asparagine synthase (AS) is a type of aminotransferase widely found in living organisms, which catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from glutamine to aspartic acid; the formation of asparagine is a detoxification reaction when plants are under ammonia toxicity.

Animal liver and kidney are the main organs for amino acid metabolism, so changes in urinary amino acids can best reflect the physiological status of the liver and kidney. In addition, amino acids can also reflect conditions such as burns and typhoid fever. The content of amino acids in plants is of great significance for studying changes in nitrogen metabolism of plants under different conditions and at different growth and development stages, as well as plants' absorption, transportation, assimilation of nitrogen and their nutritional status. This kit is used to determine the content of L-amino acids in biological samples.

Urea is the end product of the breakdown of nitrogen-containing compounds in living organisms and is decomposed into ammonia under the catalysis of urease. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is one of the main indicators of kidney function.

Creatine Kinase (CK) (EC 2.7.3.2), also known as creatine phosphokinase, is primarily found in tissues such as the heart, muscles, and brain. It reversibly catalyzes the transphosphorylation reaction between creatine and ATP, it is an important kinase directly involved in cellular energy metabolism, muscle contraction, and ATP regeneration.

Creatine Kinase (CK) (EC 2.7.3.2), also known as creatine phosphokinase, is primarily found in tissues such as the heart, muscles, and brain. It reversibly catalyzes the transphosphorylation reaction between creatine and ATP, it is an important kinase directly involved in cellular energy metabolism, muscle contraction, and ATP regeneration.

Cysteinyl sulfoxide lyase (CSL), commonly known as alliinase, is widely found in Allium genus plants of the Liliaceae family (such as garlic and onions), Brassica genus plants of the Brassicaceae family (such as cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli), and Acacia genus plants of the Fabaceae family. Lentinic acid is converted into lenthionine under the action of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and cysteinyl sulfoxide lyase, producing pyruvate, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and NH₃. CSL is one of the key enzymes in endogenous formaldehyde production, and measuring its activity is of great significance for food safety research.