Cucurbitacin B (Cuc B) has profound in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative effects against human pancreatic Y cells. It inhibited AKT signaling activation through up-regulation of PTEN. Cucurbitacin B is an effective inhibitor of HIF-1 and provide new perspectives into the mechanism of its anticancer activity. Cucurbitacin B inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis via STAT3 pathway inhibition in A549 lung Y cells.

Trigonelline chloride (Coffearine Hydrochloride), an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity, is present in considerable amounts in coffee.

Trigonelline (Trigenolline), an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity, is present in considerable amounts in coffee.

Acetophenone (Phenylethanone) is used in chemical synthesis and as a fragrance.