quorum-sensing

N-acetyltyramine is a metabolite of the biogenic amine tyramine . It enhances cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in resistant P388 murine leukemia cells with an IC50 value of 0.13 μg ml compared with an IC50 value of 0.48 μg ml for doxorubicin alone.

Methyl anthranilate is a natural product. Methyl anthranilate is a novel quorum sensing inhibitor and anti-biofilm agent against Aeromonas sobria

2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-Quinolone (Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal) is a quorum-sensing signalling molecule produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in response to increased cell density. It increases the expression of the lasB gene in P. aeruginosa, the secretion of the metabolites pyocyanin and the lectin PA-IL, as well as increasing biofilm production in P. aeruginosa populations. It also reduces the iron content of the P. aeruginosa growth medium when used at a concentration of 40 μM and acts as an iron chelator in iron sulphate solutions.

Equisetin, an N-methylserine-derived acyl tetramic acid isolated from the terrestrial fungus Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537, functions as a Quorum-sensing inhibitor (QSI) that specifically attenuates QS-regulated virulence phenotypes in P. aeruginosa, presenting a potent lead for treating P. aeruginosa infections without hindering bacterial growth. This tetramate-containing natural product possesses antibiotic and cytotoxic properties, effectively inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and HIV-1 integrase activity, yet it does not impact Gram-negative bacteria.

Curvularin ((S)-Curvularin) is a quorum-sensing antagonist of Pseudomonas aeruginosa RhlR extractable from Curvularia lunata, a mycotoxin with anti-inflammatory activity, inhibition of cytokine-induced NO synthase, and inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in antimyelocytes. study inflammation.

Violacein is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from C. violaceum that has antibacterial and antiprotozoal activities.[1] [2] It is produced by C. violaceum as a purple pigment in response to N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone , a property that has been modified to create a strain of C. violaceum used in detecting quorum-sensing molecules.[3] Violacein is active against Gram-positive bacteria, including B. subtilis and S. aureus (MICs = 0.8 and 1.6 µM, respectively). It is also active against P. falciparum, including chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant strains (IC50s = 0.85 and 0.63 µM, respectively).[2] It reduces parasitemia in a mouse model of nonlethal P. chabaudi chabaudi infection when administered at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg and increases survival in a mouse model of lethal P. chabaudi chabaudi infection. Violacein permeabilizes the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells but does not affect the cell wall.[1]

N-(3-Oxotetradecanoyl)-DL-homoserine lactone, part of the N-Acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) family derived from gram-negative bacteria, serves as a quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecule.

Hordenine hydrochloride is a biochemical that inhibits the activity of PDK3, inhibits quorum sensing, and acts as an antibiofilm agent against bacteria.

Aculene D, a fungal metabolite, exhibits quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory effects on Chromobacterium violaceum CV026, significantly reducing violacein production in N-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) induced cultures of C. violaceum CV026 at sub-inhibitory concentrations [1].

Cis-2-dodecenoic acid, identified in Burkholderia cenocepacia, disrupts bacterial quorum sensing, thereby inhibiting biofilm formation and the production of virulence factors [1].

N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-Oxo-C10-HSL) functions as a bacterial quorum-sensing signal autoinducer [1].

Hamamelitannin has cytotoxic, and antibiofilm activities. It increases the susceptibility of S. aureus to antibiotic treatment in in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse mammary gland infection models. It also has a high protective activity on cell damag

Drimenol shows antifungal activity, it is able to affect Botrytis cinerea growth with the EC50 value of 80 ppm. Drimendiol also shows quorum sensing inhibition activity.