polygalaceae

(E)-3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylsinapic acid) is a natural compound derived from the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum.

3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylsinapic acid) (TMCA) is one of the constituents of Polygalae Radix and may exert anti-seizure activity by acting at the GABAA BZ receptor complex.

Polygalasaponin F has anti-neuroinflammatory activity, can inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and NO induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and reduce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases. Polygalasaponin F can significantly i

1. Sibiricose A6 displays antidepressant-like action, it may prevent or relieve depression. 2. Sibiricose A6 shows potent antioxidant activity.

7-O-MethylMangiferin is an xanthone isolated from the rhizomes of Iris nigricans.

Polygalacin D shows anti- proliferation, anti-inflammary, and hepatoprotective activities, it can inhibit the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced iNOS and COX-2 protein and mRNA without an appreciable cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 macrophages, and can suppress induction by LPS of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

Tenuifoliside C, isolated from Polygala tenuifolia Willd, is a targeted lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor that significantly inhibits chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1[1].

Polygalaxanthone III can significantly inhibit chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1.

3',6-Disinapoylsucrose (Disinapoyl sucrose) shows the neuroprotective effect and antidepressive activity in rats.

Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) is a triterpenoid isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd that inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can significantly improve the responsiveness of the cholinergic system, such as decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can also inhibit IL-1β-induced Wnt β-catenin activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in chondrocytes, and is used in osteoarthritis (OA) related research.

Tenuifolin has no inherent toxicity to either the transfected or wild type cells at the effective concentrations, it inhibits amyloid-β secretion in vitro.

Tenuifoliside A has anti-apoptotic , neuroprotective activity. And tenuifoliside A has anti-inflammatory effect, which is mediated by the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

Tenuigenin (Senegenin) is a natural product from Polygala tenuifolia used in Chinese medicine with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity.

Polygalic acid (Senegenic acid), a triterpenoid saponin, is a major active ingredient in Polygala tenuifolia. Polygalic acid shows expectorant, emetic and stimulant effects.

Lancerin, extracted from the root bark of Cudrania cochinchinensis, exhibits antioxidative activity against lipid peroxidation.

Euxanthone (1,7-Dihydroxyxanthone), an xanthone derivative extracted from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd, has antitumour, neuroprotective and vasorelaxant activities, and attenuates Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by inducing autophagy.SB-674042 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674042 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674043 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674044 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674045 is used for the treatment of depression. 2A (BU-1) cell differentiation.

1,7-Dihydroxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone exhibits antiulcerogenic, anti-oxidation, and antihyperalgesic activities and can inhibit carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia.

Polygalasaponin possesses evident anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities and has a relatively safe dose range, which supports the use of Polygala tenuifolia root as an anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic drug in folk medicine.

Polygalaxanthone XI is an xanthone glycoside isolated from the cortex of Polygala tenuifolia, which can be used in studies of expectorants and to promote psychostability.

Tenuifoliside B is a natural product from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia.And is a target lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor. Tenuifoliside B has cognitive improving and cerebral protective effects. it can inhibit potassium cyanide (KCN)-induced hypoxia and scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice.

Glomeratose A, a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor (LDH), [Compound BBX] is a small molecule that targets enzyme inhibitors (MJBB-_13798), effectively reducing lactate production in cells, thereby influencing metabolic processes and demonstrating potential therapeutic applications in conditions characterized by elevated lactate levels.

Sibiricose A5 is a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, it displays antidepressant-like, and antioxidant actions. Sibiricose A5 can protect PC12 cells damage induced by P. tenuifolia.

Sibiricaxanthone B is an xanthone isolated from C. breviscapa and has sedative, anticonvulsant and antidepressant properties.

Rhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, a flavonoid derivative, is isolated from the roots of Polygala sibirica L. (Polygalaceae) [1].