neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Dantrolene is a postsynaptic muscle relaxant by inhibiting Ca2+ ions release from sarcoplasmic reticulum stores by antagonizing ryanodine receptors.

Dantrolene depresses excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle by binding to the ryanodine receptor 1 and decreasing intracellular calcium concentration. Ryanodine receptors mediate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an essential step in muscle contraction. Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate (Sodium dantrolene) is the sodium salt form of dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, and direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxant.

Dantrolene-13C3 is the 13C3-labeled form of Dantrolene. Dantrolene (F368) serves as a muscle relaxant and non-competitively inhibits human erythrocyte glutathione reductase (glutathione reductase), exhibiting Ki and IC50 values of 111.6 μM and 52.3 μM, respectively. Additionally, Dantrolene acts as a ryanodine receptor antagonist and a stabilizer of Ca2+ signals. It is utilized in the treatment of muscle spasms and malignant hyperthermia.

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrolene sodium salt) is a skeletal muscle relaxant and can interfere with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used for the treatment of spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Its mechanism of action is may not central, but dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.