mosaic

Piperonylic acid (2H-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid) is a natural molecule bearing a methylenedioxy function that closely mimics the structure of trans-cinnamic acid. Piperonylic acid selectively inactivate the CYP73A P450 subpopulation.

Malformin A is a cyclopentapeptide fungal metabolite that has been found in A. niger and has diverse biological activities. It is a plant growth regulator that induces malformations in plant structure. Malformin A inhibits replication of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in local lesion and leaf-disc assays (IC50s = 19.7 and 45.4 μg/ml, respectively). It is cytotoxic to NCI-H460, MIA PaCa-2, MCF-7, SF-268, and WI-38 cancer cells (IC50s = 70, 50, 100, 70, and 100 nM, respectively), inhibits proliferation of PC3 and LNCaP cells (IC50s = 130 and 90 nM, respectively), and induces apoptosis and necrosis in PC3 and LNCaP cells. Malformin A also increases the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces autophagy in PC3 and LNCaP cells. It is toxic to mice when administered intraperitoneally (LD50 = 3.1 mg/kg) but not orally up to doses of 50 mg/kg.

(±)-Phrymarolin II is a promising class of inhibitors that target the tobacco mosaic virus, representing a novel approach in plant virus suppression.

Chaparrinone, a bittersweet analog from Ailanthus altissima (Mill.), has antimalarial, antitumor, and antiviral activities and has been used in the study of tobacco mosaic virus infections and SARS virus infections.

7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an alkaloid that functions as a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.80 μM and also serves as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. This compound reduces Aβ and APP levels in the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice [1] [2] [3].

Yadanziolide A is a natural product isolated from the cultivated dry seeds of Brucea javanica, has strong antiviral activities with IC50 of 5.5 μM against tobacco mosaic virus. Yadanziolide A shows significant antitumor effects.

Methyl 4-Hydroxyphenylacetate has potent inhibitory activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

Citrusin B exhibits moderate in vitro inhibitory effect on tobacco mosaic virus replication with IC50 values 0.26 mmol L⁻1.