l carnitine hydrochloride

L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride) is a highly polar small zwitterionic molecule that functions as an essential cofactor for mitochondrial β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs into mitochondria for subsequent degradation via β-oxidation, thereby supporting cellular energy metabolism. L-Carnitine hydrochloride also displays antioxidant activity and can mitigate metabolic imbalances associated with numerous inborn errors of metabolism, positioning it as an important agent in metabolic research.

D-Carnitine hydrochloride ((S)-Carnitine Hydrochloride) is a component of striated muscle and liver, used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and to treat hyperlipoproteinemias.

Levocarnitine propionate hydrochloride (ST-261) is used for the treatment of the deterioration of renal function, congestive heart failure, intermittent claudication, and other diseases.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Lauroyl-L-carnitine (chloride) (Lauroyl-L-carnitine Hydrochloride), an acylcarnitine and surfactant, has been used to permeate porcine intestinal cells to deliver the polar fluorescent probe fluorescent yellow.

L-Carnitine hydrochloride (Standard) is a small molecule water-soluble substance involved in fatty acid metabolism, helping long-chain fatty acids cross the inner mitochondrial membrane for beta-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride (Standard) can be used for the quantification in biological samples, to study fatty acid β-oxidation, mitochondrial function and energy metabolism.

Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride (Standard) is an amino acid derivative that is mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism, helping to transport fatty acids to the mitochondria for oxidative energy supply, with neuroprotective, antioxidant and neuroregenerative effects. Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride (Standard) can be used in quantitative assays to study metabolic processes, neurodegenerative diseases, male infertility, cardiovascular diseases and so on.

Octanoyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Standard) is an acylcarnitine derivative involved in fatty acid metabolism and a biomarker for impaired fatty acid metabolism in the elderly population, used to study metabolic disorders. As a standard, Decanoylcarnitine can be used for quantitative analysis.

L-Octanoylcarnitine hydrochloride (Standard) is an acylcarnitine involved in fatty acid metabolism processes that can be used as a standard for quantitative analyses, study of metabolic pathways, and diagnosis of related diseases.

Palmitoyl L-Carnitine-d3 Hydrochloride is a deuterated derivative of Palmitoyl L-carnitine. Palmitoyl L-carnitine is a long-chain acylcarnitine formed from palmitic acid and carnitine, playing a pivotal role in mitochondrial fatty acidβ-oxidation and energy metabolism. Under pathological conditions such as myocardial ischemia, it accumulates within cell membranes. Research indicates that it alters the membrane lipid environment and modulates KATP channels, thereby affecting the electrophysiological properties of myocytes. As a deuterated internal standard, this compound is primarily utilized in mass spectrometry-based (LC-MS/MS) quantitative analysis, leveraging the kinetic isotope effect (KIE) to enhance precision in pharmacokinetic studies.

Acetyl L-Carnitine-d3 Chloride is a deuterated compound suitable for isotope tracing. Acetyl L-Carnitine is an orally effective mitochondrial function modulator and neuroprotective agent that crosses the blood-brain barrier, suitable for brain injury research.

L-Carnitine-d3 Chloride ((R)-Carnitine-d3 hydrochloride) is the deuterated form of L-Carnitine hydrochloride, used as an internal standard for detecting total carnitine in raw materials. L-Carnitine (L(-)-Carnitine) is an endogenous human molecule involved in fatty acid metabolism.