fungal disease

Isoprothiolane is a foliar spray fungicide with eradicant and protectant activities against fungal diseases of rice plant caused by Pyvioutavia oryzae Cav.

1. Ginkgetin has anti-influenza virus and anti-fungal activities. 2. Ginkgetin has anti-inflammatory activity, can down-regulates COX-2 induction in vivo against skin inflammatory responses. 3. Ginkgetin is a good STAT3 inhibitor and may be a useful lead

Albaconazole (W-0027) is a small molecule fungal cytochrome P450 family member 51 (fungal CYP51A1) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of fungal infections, skin and musculoskeletal disorders, and can be used in the study of vulvovaginal candidiasis, Chagas disease and genitourinary disorders.

Chlorothalonil (DAC 2787) is a broad-spectrum fungicide with high efficiency and low toxicity. Chlorothalonil is widely used to control various pests such as fruit trees and vegetable leaves. Chlorothalonil also has good control effects on various diseases such as rice, wheat, and cotton.

Boscalid is a broad-spectrum carboxamide fungicide that inhibits fungal respiration by binding to the ubiquinone site of mitochondrial complex II succinate dehydrogenase.1It suppresses mycelial growth ofS. minorby 87 to 100% and ofS. sclerotiorumby 77 to 100% when used at a concentration of 1 μg ml.2In field studies, boscalid applied at 5.6 μg cm2provides 55.5 and 30.4% disease control for lettuce drop caused byS. minorandS. sclerotiorum, respectively. It decreases cell viability of mouse primary cortical neurons following long-term exposure but is not cytotoxic (LC50= >100 μM for acute and continuous exposure). Formulations containing boscalid have been used in agriculture to prevent fungal growth on crops. 1.Wang, Y., Duan, Y., Wang, J., et al.A new point mutation in the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase confers resistance to boscalid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorumMol. Plant Pathol.16(7)653-661(2015) 2.Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M.Activity of boscalid, fenhexamid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, and vinclozolin on growth of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum and development of lettuce dropPlant Dis.88(6)665-668(2004)

Pyraclostrobin is one of the most heavily used fungicides that inhibits mitochondrial complex III of fungal and mammalian cells.

Anandamide ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide), an immune modulator, acts via not only cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) but also other targets (e.g., GPR18/GPR55) in the central nervous system.

Pyrithiamine hydrobromide, an inhibitor of thiamine metabolism that acts as a substrate for thiamine pyrophosphate kinase, causes neurologic symptoms similar to wernickke - korsakoff syndrome in animals.

Fluvastatin belongs to a class of medications called statins and is used to reduce plasma cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular disease. It is also the first entirely synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and is structurally distinct from the fungal derivatives of this therapeutic class.

SDH-IN-17 (compound C32) is a flavonol derivative containing an acylhydrazone, serving as an effective succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor with an IC50 of 8.42 μM. This compound can bind to the active site and form strong interactions with key residues of SDH. Additionally, it exhibits antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum (EC50=0.170 μg mL). SDH-IN-17 disrupts normal fungal growth by compromising the structural integrity of the cell membrane and cellular respiration. The potential of SDH-IN-17 for plant disease control research is noteworthy.