du-145

Astaxanthin (trans-Astaxanthin) is a keto-carotenoid in the terpenes class of chemical compounds. It is classified as a xanthophyll but it is a carotenoid with no vitamin A activity. It is present in most red-colored aquatic organisms. Astaxanthin has shown to mediate anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. It may be found in fish feed or some animal food as a color additive.

Lithocholic acid (3α-Hydroxy-5β-cholanic acid) is a toxic secondary bile acid, They were FXR antagonists (IC50=0.7, 1.4 μM), EphA2 antagonists (IC50=48, 66 μM) and EphB4 antagonists (IC50=141 μM). Lithocholic acid can promote intrahepatic cholestasis and promote tumorigenesis. Lithocholic acid is a cleanser that dissolves fat for absorption and is itself absorbed.

Ecteinascidin 770 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting cancer cell viability through RDRP1 (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1).

1. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Isochlorogenic acid C) has antiviral activity, including anti-HIV-1 integrase activity. 2. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Isochlorogenic acid C) shows anti-hepatotoxic activity.

Panduratin A is a natural chalcone derivative with inhibitory activity against MMP-9 in human oral epidermoid carcinoma KB cells; inhibitory activity against the NS3 protease of DENV-2 (Ki=25 μM); significant cytotoxicity against human androgen-independent prostate cancer cells PC-3 and DU-145; and also able to activate the LKB1-AMPK- PPARα /δ signaling pathway and enhance the oxidative capacity of myocyte mitochondria.

Dihydrodaidzin shows cytotoxic activities against human stomach carcinoma (Hs 740.T, Hs 756 T), breast adenocarcinoma (Hs 578 T, Hs 742.T), and prostate carcinoma (DU 145, LNCaP-FGC) cell lines.

4-Methoxycinnamyl alcohol showed toxicity to MCF-7, HeLa and DU145 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 14.24, 7.82 and 22.10 μg/mL, respectively. 4-Methoxycinnamyl alcohol was isolated from Foeniculum vulgare. 4-Methoxycinnamyl alcohol did not show apoptotic effects but showed necrosis after 48 h in a 10 μg/mL DNA fragmentation study.

Scillascillin has anticancer activity, it is significantly active against human cancer cell lines MCF-7 (breast cancer) and DU-145 (prostate cancer) with inhibitory concentration (IC)50 values 9.59 and 11.32 ug/ml respectively.

Vicanicin is an aryl phenol ether compound found in lichens. It inhibits the expression of Hsp70, modulates intracellular redox-sensitive mechanisms, increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells, alters the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, activates caspase-3, and induces apoptosis. Vicanicin suppresses cell growth and promotes apoptosis in androgen-sensitive (LNCaP) and androgen-insensitive (DU-145) human prostate cancer cells. It holds potential for prostate cancer research.