cyanobacteria

β-N-Methylamino-L-alanine hydrochloride (L-BMAA hydrochloride) is a neurotoxin produced by cyanobacteria that may contribute to the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases.

ADDA is a non-proteinogenic amino acid existed in toxins produced by cyanobacteria.

ADP-Glucose (ADPG) is an immediate precursor used in the biosynthesis, by glucose addition, of storage polysaccharides in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, as well as structural polysaccharides in certain bacteria.[1],[2] It is used by amylose synthases or starch synthases in plastids in the production of amylose, amylopectins, starch, and other polysaccharides. ADPG is normally generated within plastids, although it can be biosynthesized in the cytoplasm of certain grasses and imported into plastids by a membrane-bound transporter.[3]

JRN73958 is an important precursor for the synthesis of scytonemin, also called Reduced scytonemin. Scytonemin is a biological pigment synthesized by many strains of cyanobacteria, including Calothrix sp., Lyngbya aestuarii, and others. Scytonemin is also a potent PKL1 inhibitor, which inhibits cell proliferation and arrests cell cycle through downregulating Plk1 activity in many cancel cells. Scytonemin was able to inhibit the proliferation of three myeloma cells in a dose-dependent manner, while U266 was the most sensitive one to scytonemin. Scytonemin , representing a novel Plk1 inhibitor, induced the inhibition of cell growth and cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells by specifically decreasing Plk1 activity. This product has no formal name at the moment. For the convenience of communication, a temporary code name was therefore proposed according to MedKoo Chemical Nomenclature (see web page: https://www.medkoo.com/page/naming).

Scytonemin is a biological pigment synthesized by many strains of cyanobacteria, including Calothrix sp., Lyngbya aestuarii, and others. Scytonemin is also a potent PKL1 inhibitor, which inhibits cell proliferation and arrests cell cycle through downregulating Plk1 activity in many cancel cells. Scytonemin was able to inhibit the proliferation of three myeloma cells in a dose-dependent manner, while U266 was the most sensitive one to scytonemin. Scytonemin , representing a novel Plk1 inhibitor, induced the inhibition of cell growth and cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells by specifically decreasing Plk1 activity.

JMN13497 is an precursor compound to for synthesis of scytonemin. Scytonemin is a biological pigment synthesized by many strains of cyanobacteria, including Calothrix sp., Lyngbya aestuarii, and others. Scytonemin is also a potent PKL1 inhibitor, which inhibits cell proliferation and arrests cell cycle through downregulating Plk1 activity in many cancel cells. Scytonemin was able to inhibit the proliferation of three myeloma cells in a dose-dependent manner, while U266 was the most sensitive one to scytonemin. Scytonemin , representing a novel Plk1 inhibitor, induced the inhibition of cell growth and cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells by specifically decreasing Plk1 activity. This product has no formal name at the moment. For the convenience of communication, a temporary code name was therefore proposed according to MedKoo Chemical Nomenclature (see web page: https://www.medkoo.com/page/naming).

Microcystin-WR, a hepatotoxic metabolite derived from cyanobacteria, has been demonstrated to induce hepatotoxicity in mice [1].

Cy-FBP/SBPase-IN-1 (compound S5) is an inhibitor of the key regulatory enzyme Cy-FBP/SBPase in cyanobacterial photosynthesis, impeding the Calvin cycle and photosystem, thereby reducing photosynthetic efficiency. It effectively suppresses the proliferation of cyanobacteria, including Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, while demonstrating a safe profile in human-derived cell lines and zebrafish models [1].

Grahamimycin B exhibits weak activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, cyanobacteria, and green algae.

Argimicin A is an antibiotic isolated from Sphingomonas sp. It exhibits algicidal activity against toxic cyanobacteria, specifically inhibiting M. viridis and M. aeruginosa, with IC50 values of 12 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL, respectively.

Menominin B is a cyclic peptide identified in freshwater sponge-associated cyanobacteria Nostoc sp., known for its cytotoxic properties. It exhibits antiproliferative activity against the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3, with an IC50 of 2.4 μM. Menominin B holds potential for research in the field of anticancer therapies.

Argimicin C is an antibiotic isolated from Sphingomonas sp. It exhibits algicidal activity against various toxic cyanobacteria, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at the micromolar level.

Argimicin B is an antibiotic isolated from Sphingomonas sp. It exhibits algicidal activity against various harmful cyanobacteria, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at the low micromolar level.