cross-resistance

Spirodiclofen (BAJ-2740) is a selective, non-systemic acaricide from the new chemical class of tetronic acid derivatives,with no cross resistance to currently available acaricides and with additional insecticidal properties.

Amcenestrant (SAR439859) is an orally active, nonsteroidal and selective degrader of estrogen receptor (SERD). SAR439859 is a potent antagonist of ER (with an EC50 of 0.2 nM for ERα degradation).

MBX-1162, a bis-indole compound, has demonstrated unique substrate specificity related to MepA and MepR in studies investigating its resistance mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus. It has not shown cross-resistance with related compounds.

Lenacapavir, also known as GS-6207, is an HIV-1 capsid inhibitor. It demonstrates an average EC50 of 50 pM (ranging from 20-160 pM) against 23 clinical isolates of HIV-1 from diverse subtypes, with tests performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In vitro, Lenacapavir exhibits picomolar potency and shows no cross-resistance with existing antiretroviral compounds. Furthermore, Lenacapavir displays significant antiviral activity in individuals with HIV-1, regardless of prior treatment history, with no pre-existing resistance detected.

Picoplatin has a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity and is designed to overcome platinum drug resistance. Picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and transcriptio

Lascufloxacin (KRP-AM-1977) is a potent antibacterial drug candidate. It exhibited the most potent activity against gram-positive bacteria among the quinolones tested. Lascufloxacin showed incomplete cross-resistance against existing quinolone-resistant s

Platencin is a natural, broad-spectrum Gram-positive antibiotic isolated from *S. platensis*, which is also the source of platensimycin. Platencin inhibits two key enzymes in bacterial fatty acid synthesis, β-ketoacyl-ACP synthases II and III (FabF and FabH, respectively), unlike platensimycin which only targets FabF. The IC50 values for platencin against FabF and FabH are 1.95 and 3.91 μg ml, respectively. It does not exhibit cross-resistance to antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, including methicillin-resistant *S. aureus*, vancomycin-intermediate *S. aureus*, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. For these reasons, platencin has potential applications in fighting antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

S-MGB-234 is a minor groove binder used for treating Animal African Trypanosomiasis (AAT). It shows exceptional in vitro efficacy against the main causative agents, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax, without demonstrating cross-resistance with existing diamidine drugs and is not internalized through the transporters used by diamidines.

Bisantrene (CL-216942; NSC 337766) is a topoisomerase II poison and DNA intercalator. It can be used as a Rac1 inhibitor or model compound to study P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance (MDR1). Bisantrene inserts and disrupts the configuration of

Pyraziflumid is a fungicide. Pyraziflumid is a novel member of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides (SDHI). The average EC50 value was 0.0561 (±0.0263)μg ml for mycelial growth. There was no cross-resistance between pyraziflumid and the widely used fungicides carbendazim, dimethachlon and the phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil.

Albizziin is amino acid analog which acts as a competitive inhibitor of asparagine synthetase with respect to glutamine. Albizziin has been used to isolate mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells with alterations in levels of the target enzyme. Several classes of mutations can be distinguished on the basis of cross-resistance to beta-aspartyl hydroxamate, another amino acid analog. Studies on asparagine synthetase indicate that resistance to albizziin may be due to altered regulation of asparagine synthetase, structural mutations of the enzyme, and gene amplification.

NVR 3-778 is the first capsid assembly modulator (CAM) that has demonstrated antiviral activity in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. NVR 3-778 inhibited the generation of infectious HBV DNA-containing virus particles with a mean antiviral 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 0.40 µM in HepG2.2.15 cells. The antiviral profile of NVR 3-778 indicates pan-genotypic antiviral activity and a lack of cross-resistance with nucleos(t)ide inhibitors of HBV replication.

Ibrexafungerp citrate is a triterpenoid antifungal. Similarly to echinocandins, it inhibits the synthesis of 1,3-β-d-glucan. However, it binds to a different site on the enzyme than echinocandins, resulting in limited cross-resistance. Ibrexafungerp exerts concentration-dependent fungicidal activity against Candida species and retains in vitro activity against most fluconazole-resistant strains.

Ethonafide is an anthracene-containing derivative of amonafide that belongs to the azonafide series of anticancer agents. The lack of cross-resistance in multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines and the absence of a quinone and hydroquinone moiety make ethonafide a potentially less cardiotoxic replacement for existing anthracene-containing anticancer agents. Ethonafide was cytotoxic against three human prostate cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Ethonafide was found to be better tolerated and more effective at inhibiting tumor growth compared with mitoxantrone in a human xenograft tumor regression mouse model. Mechanistically, we found that ethonafide inhibited topoisomerase II activity by stabilizing the enzyme-DNA complex, involving both topoisomerase IIalpha and -beta. In addition, ethonafide induced a potent G(2) cell cycle arrest in the DU 145 human prostate cancer cell line. By creating stable cell lines with decreased expression of topoisomerase IIalpha or -be......

'(6R)-ML753286, an isomer of ML753286, is an orally active, selective Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) inhibitor, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.6 μM. It exhibits high permeability and low to medium clearance in rodent and human liver S9 fractions, with cross-species plasma stability [1].'

Elastin, pig is a matrix protein abundantly present in the extracellular matrix, characterised by insolubility, amorphous structure, and extensive cross-linking. It provides organs and tissues with tensile and retractive capabilities and exhibits resistance to various proteases except elastase, commonly used as a biomaterial for tissue repair.

Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) is an organic compound that features both pentaerythritol and mercaptopropionate ester groups. This compound is commonly employed as a stabilizer and cross-linking agent in various chemical and industrial applications. Its properties make it suitable for enhancing the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and weather resistance of polymers and coatings. Additionally, it serves as a raw material for the production of other specialty chemicals and materials.