chelation

1. Thonningianin A has anti-cancer activities.2. Thonningianin A represents a new potent glutathione S-transferase in vitro inhibitor.3. Thonningianin A has antioxidant property, involves radical scavenging, anti-superoxide formation and metal chelation.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid trisodium salt (EDTA Trisodium) used to bind metal ions in the chelation therapy.

Hydralazine hydrochloride (Apresoline) is the hydrochloride salt of hydralazine, a phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Hydralazine alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output. In addition to its cardiovascular effects, hydralazine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, which may result in inhibition of DNA methylation in tumor cells.

DL-Alanine (DL-2-Aminopropionic acid) is an amino acid that is a racemic compound of L- and D-alanine.DL-Alanine is often used as a reducing and capping agent in conjunction with aqueous silver nitrate for nanoparticle generation.DL-Alanine is a sweetening agent, and can be grouped with glycine and sodium saccharin.DL-Alanine plays an important role in glucose-alanine cycling between tissues and liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd. DL-Alanine plays an important role in the glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and the liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd.

TM6089 is an inhibitor of Prolyl Hydroxylase that stimulates HIF activity without iron chelation, induces angiogenesis, and protects organ against ischemia.

S186 is a sodium salt of calcium-acetylpropylamine phosphonate (APA) and serves as a novel agent for strontium-specific chelation.

DOTA-NI-FAPI-04 is an FAP inhibitor (IC50 = 7.44 nM). By integrating FAP targeting with hypoxia-sensitive groups (nitroimidazole), DOTA-NI-FAPI-04 significantly enhances tumor uptake and retention. Through DOTA chelation with metal isotopes (such as 68Ga and 177Lu), it forms radioactive probes ([68Ga]Ga/DOTA-NI-FAPI-04 and [177Lu]Lu/DOTA-NI-FAPI-04) useful for research in tumor diagnosis and therapeutics. This compound exhibits dual-targeting potential in cancer imaging, tumor microenvironment analysis, and radionuclide therapy, particularly in scenarios involving the interaction between tumor stroma and hypoxic regions.

GSK-3β inhibitor27 (Compound 1c) is a reversible, competitive inhibitor of GSK-3β with an IC50 value of 2.2 μM. It inhibits tau hyperphosphorylation and reduces Aβ protein aggregation, demonstrating metal chelation and neuroprotective potential. GSK-3β inhibitor27 is promising for research into neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Aβ1–42 aggregation inhibitor 2 (compound 7c) is a potent inhibitor of Aβ1-42 aggregation, playing a significant role in Alzheimer's disease research. It exhibits excellent antioxidant properties, metal ion chelation ability, reduces oxidative stress, and demonstrates neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities.

Procaspase-3 activator 1 is a potent activator of procaspase-3. It directly activates procaspase-3 through zinc chelation, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Procaspase-3 activator 1 is applicable in research on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma.

NSS-18 is a potent and reversible inhibitor of AChE and MAO-B, with IC50 values of 1.53 μM and 1.51 μM, respectively. It inhibits Aβ self-aggregation and reduces Aβ-induced intracellular ROS production. NSS-18 demonstrates moderate neuroprotective effects against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and forms chelates with metal ions such as Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Zn²⁺, with the strongest chelation observed with Cu²⁺. This compound is applicable in Alzheimer's disease research.

Ferrichrome (iron-free) is an iron carrier derived from isoxazolates produced by various fungi, including U. sphaerogena, which enhances iron chelation and absorption in these organisms. In bacteria, Ferrichrome (iron-free) can be utilized as an exogenous iron carrier, such as in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Ferrichrome (iron-free) (0.8 μM) inhibits the proliferation of mouse splenic monocytes induced by concanavalin A and reduces the expression of the IL-2 receptor on CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, Ferrichrome (iron-free) inhibits the heme-catalyzed oxidation of LDL by hydrogen peroxide in a concentration-dependent manner.

Chasmanine is a natural diterpenoid alkaloid with an IC50 of 6.78 mg/L for Fe2+ chelation activity and exhibits cytotoxicity against PC-3 and A-549 cells.

pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PIH) is a cell-permeable and relatively non-toxic iron (Fe3+) chelator that shows high iron chelation efficacy both in vitro and in vivo.

BuChE-IN-2 is an excellent inhibitor of butylcholinesterase (BuChE) with IC50 values of 1.28 μM for BuChE and 0.67 μM for NO. It inhibits Aβ aggregation, ROS formation, and Cu2+ chelation, shows proper blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and is suitable for Alzheimer's disease research.

Arginine xhydrochloride is used for amino acid chelation analysis, and widely applied in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

hAChE-IN-3 (compound 5c) serves as a potent inhibitor for AChE, BuChE, MAO-B, and BACE-1, with respective IC50 values of 0.44, 0.08, 5.15, and 0.38 μM, demonstrating its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. This compound also exhibits antioxidant properties and metal chelation capabilities. Additionally, it targets peripheral anion sites, potentially modulating β-amyloid and ameliorating neurodegeneration linked to Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its research potential for this condition [1].

Phytochelatin 2 (PC2) TFA, a heavy metal-binding peptide, facilitates metal chelation, mitigates metal toxicity, and promotes metal homeostasis within internal environments [1].

COMT-IN-1 (compound C12) is a nitrophenol analog and an orally active catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor. It exhibits IC50 values of 0.37 μM for COMT, 95.58 μM for MAO-A, and 58.82 μM for MAO-B, demonstrating its inhibitory activity on these enzymes. Additionally, COMT-IN-1 displays chelation properties with various metal ions and has good blood-brain barrier permeability. This compound enhances dopamine levels in mice and ameliorates symptoms of MPTP-induced Parkinsons disease (PD).

DL-Alanine-2,3,3,3-D4 is a deuterated compound of DL-Alanine. DL-Alanine (TN1003) has a CAS number of 302-72-7. DL-Alanine (TN1003) is an amino acid that is a racemic compound of L- and D-alanine.DL-Alanine is often used as a reducing and capping agent in conjunction with aqueous silver nitrate for nanoparticle generation.DL-Alanine is a sweetening agent, and can be grouped with glycine and sodium saccharin.DL-Alanine plays an important role in glucose-alanine cycling between tissues and liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd. DL-Alanine (TN1003) plays an important role in the glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and the liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd.

D-Galacturonic acid hydrate (Standard) is the analytical reference standard of D-Galacturonic acid hydrate intended for research and analytical applications, and as a major component of plant pectin it exhibits metal cation–binding capacity, supporting studies in food science, pharmaceutical development, and heavy metal chelation and removal.

DL-Alanine (Standard) is the standard substance of DL-Alanine, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. DL-Alanine (DL-2-Aminopropionic acid) is an amino acid that is a racemic compound of L- and D-alanine.DL-Alanine is often used as a reducing and capping agent in conjunction with aqueous silver nitrate for nanoparticle generation.DL-Alanine is a sweetening agent, and can be grouped with glycine and sodium saccharin.DL-Alanine plays an important role in glucose-alanine cycling between tissues and liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd. DL-Alanine plays an important role in the glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and the liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd.

DL-Alanine-2,3,3,3-d4 (Standard) is a reference standard of DL-Alanine-2,3,3,3-d4 intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications. DL-Alanine-2,3,3,3-d4 is a deuterated compound of DL-Alanine. DL-Alanine has a CAS number of 302-72-7. DL-Alanine is an amino acid that is a racemic compound of L- and D-alanine.DL-Alanine is often used as a reducing and capping agent in conjunction with aqueous silver nitrate for nanoparticle generation.DL-Alanine is a sweetening agent, and can be grouped with glycine and sodium saccharin.DL-Alanine plays an important role in glucose-alanine cycling between tissues and liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd. DL-Alanine plays an important role in the glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and the liver.DL-Alanine can be used to study the chelation of transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Cd.

Gramibactin is a siderophore produced by the rhizosphere bacterium [Paraburkholderia graminis], exhibiting a high iron chelation ability with a logβ of 27.6. It efficiently supplies iron nutrients to plants and plays a crucial role in the interactions between rhizosphere microbes and plants.