aqueous

FM4-64 (SynaptoRedTM C2) is a styryl dye that stains stably but does not fluoresce in aqueous solution.FM4-64 does not passively diffuse into the plasma membrane bilayer and must be actively transported across the membrane.FM4-64 can be used to study cytotoxicity, cytosolization, and vesicular transport.Cephalexin monohydroxylin monohydroxylin (Cephalexin monohydroxylin) can be used to study cytotoxicity and vesicular transport.

Reactive Blue 4, an anthraquinone dye, exhibits phytotoxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic properties. It functions as a single colorimetric chemosensor for the sequential detection of multiple analytes, each with distinct optical responses, in aqueous media.

Propidium Iodide (PI) is a red fluorescent dye utilized for cell staining and is suitable for fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and fluorometer analysis. In aqueous solution, the Ex Em of PI is 493 636 nm. Upon binding with nucleic acid, the Ex Em shifts to 535 617 nm, enhancing the fluorescence signal 20-30 times.

Bathophenanthroline is a compound used for the measurement of iron concentrations in aqueous, urine, and serum samples by colorimetry.

MCLA hydrochloride, a chemiluminescent compound, can be used to quantify aqueous concentrations of superoxide.

Celliton Fast Blue Green B (Disperse Blue 7) is a blue-green dye utilized in textile applications. Laboratory studies indicate that its aqueous extract causes no skin irritation or sensitization in animals. Additionally, textiles dyed with Celliton Fast Blue Green B have shown no irritation in human subjects [1].

Acid Red 119 is an acid red dye that can be effectively removed from aqueous solutions using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and polyaluminum chloride sludge (PACS) as coagulants.

Basic Red 46, an alkaline dye, can be removed from aqueous solutions using tree ferns as biosorbents in intermittent adsorption systems.

CGamF is a fluorescent probe designed for bile acid transport, consisting of a bile acid (Product No. 20250) linked to fluorescein via a glycine connecting group. In aqueous solution at pH 7.4, the excitation emission wavelengths of this probe are 492 515 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of CGamF increases with rising pH when excited at 495 nm, while the intensity is unaffected by pH changes when excited at 440 nm. Sodium-dependent uptake of CGamF by hepatocytes increases with the concentration of the compound, with reduced absorption at lower sodium levels. CGamF has been utilized in vitro to study drug interactions and toxicity mediated by hepatic transporters.

Cy5.5-PEG-DSPE (MW 1000) is a PEG phospholipid compound containing the Cy5.5 dye, utilized for protein nucleic acid labeling and fluorescence microscopy. It can self-assemble in aqueous solution to form micelles lipid bilayers and is employed in creating liposomes or nanoparticles for nutrient delivery, such as mRNA or DNA vaccines.

Cy5-PEG-DSPE (MW 1000) is a PEG phospholipid incorporating a Cy5 dye, utilized for protein nucleic acid labeling and fluorescence microscopy. In aqueous solutions, Cy5-PEG-DSPE (MW 1000) can self-assemble into micelles bilayers and is employed in the creation of liposomes or nanoparticles for delivering substances such as mRNA or DNA vaccines.

Cy5.5-PEG-DSPE (MW 3400) is a PEG phospholipid containing Cy5.5 dye utilized for protein nucleic acid labeling and fluorescence microscopy. In aqueous solutions, Cy5.5-PEG-DSPE (MW 3400) can self-assemble into micelles or lipid bilayers and is employed in the preparation of liposomes or nanoparticles for nutrient delivery, such as mRNA or DNA vaccines.

Cy5.5-PEG-DSPE (MW 5000) is a PEG phospholipid that incorporates Cy5.5 dye, designed for protein nucleic acid labeling and fluorescence microscopy. In aqueous solutions, Cy5.5-PEG-DSPE (MW 5000) can self-assemble into micelles or lipid bilayers and is employed in the preparation of liposomes or nanoparticles for nutrient delivery, such as mRNA or DNA vaccines.

NBD-amine, a fluorogenic compound, exhibits weak fluorescence in aqueous solutions and pronounced fluorescence within organic solvents, membranes, or hydrophobic environments [1].

4-Methylumbelliferyl palmitate serves as a potent fluorophore to assay acid lipase activity in human leukocytes, with its fluorescence significantly affected by acidity and solvent properties. In near-neutral aqueous solutions, it predominates in a neutral molecular form, emitting strong fluorescence at 445 nm, whereas in weakly alkaline solutions, it primarily exists in an anionic form, resulting in even stronger fluorescence at the same wavelength [1] [2].

Glycine cresol red, a complexometric indicator, interacts with Al 3+, Ga 3+, and In 3+ ions to form colored complexes in aqueous solutions. It is utilized in the spectrophotometric determination of inorganic ions and serves as a stain in neurohistology [1] [2].

HOE 32020 is a Hoechst stain, a blue fluorescent dyes, used to stain DNA. Hoechst dyes are soluble in water and in organic solvents such as dimethyl formamide or dimethyl sulfoxide. Concentrations can be achieved of up to 10 mg mL. Aqueous solutions are s

C.I. Acid Black 24 is a dye that is a blue-black powder. Soluble in water, aqueous solution is reddish blue to black, greenish blue when added to concentrated hydrochloric acid; date red when added to concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. Dissolved in ethanol is navy blue, in concentrated sulfuric acid is gray-blue to black, after dilution is dark green light blue; in concentrated nitric acid is red light brown and then changed to yellow. Used for dyeing woolen fabrics, also suitable for nylon, silk and leather dyeing.

C.I. 18760 is a dye in the form of a bluish red powder. Its aqueous solution is yellowish to brownish red, turning reddish orange with dilute sulphuric acid; with concentrated caustic soda it turns brilliant red. In concentrated sulfuric acid is rose red, diluted to orange; in concentrated nitric acid the color disappears. It is used for dyeing and printing of wool, silk and its fabrics, also can dye nylon and its blended fabrics.

Compound 1, known as Caffeine Orange, serves as a highly selective aqueous-phase fluorescence turn-on sensor specifically for caffeine. When exposed to 532 nm green excitation light, this compound causes caffeinated coffee to turn orange. Caffeine Orange boasts impressive photophysical properties, including a high extinction coefficient, excellent light stability, and a narrow emission bandwidth, making it valuable in the development of caffeine detection devices [1].

The rapid, selective, and sensitive sensing of thiols is important in diverse areas of research. This thiofluor 623 responds upon exposure to thiols with an increase in fluorescence intensity of up to 120-fold. The response is selective for thiols and occurs in aqueous media. In the absence of thiols, the probe is essentially non-fluorescent; thiols cause cleavage of the probe, generating a fluorophore with an absorption maximum of 563 nm and emission at 623 nm. The fluorescence quantum yield of the cleaved product, generated in response to thiols, increases in more viscous media, suggesting ideal performance in biological systems and applicability to single-molecule or 2-photon sensing schemes. The thiofluor 623 is cell-permeable and reacts selectively with intracellular thiols. The pseudo-first order rate constant (kobs) depends on substrate (e.g., 2.1 x 10-3 s-1 for cysteine, 2.0 x 10-5 s-1 for human serum albumin).

5-DTAF, an isomeric derivative of fluorescein, reacts directly with polysaccharides and alcohols in aqueous solutions at pH > 9. Its emission profile peaks at a wavelength of 518 nm following excitation at 488 nm [1].

Acid violet 1 (C.I. 42685) is an acidic dye that can be adsorbed from aqueous solutions by orange peel.

NBD-X acid, a fluorescent probe for studying fatty acids and sterols, offers higher labeling yields for biopolymers than NBD chloride and fluoride. Its fluorescence spectrum is highly sensitive to environmental changes, with fluorescence intensity significantly decreased in aqueous solutions [1].