amplitudes

NS5806 is an effective potassium current activator. NS5806 slows KV4.3 and KV4.2 current decay in channel complexes containing KChIP2. NS5806 enhances KV4.3/KChIP2 peak current amplitudes (EC50: 5.3 μM).

ICA-105574 (ICA) is an activator of hERG that binds to the channel to remove inactivation, thus increasing peak current amplitude and shortening the action potential. It also modulates activation kinetics of the channel.

EYE-003 is an orally active RPE65 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 102 nM. It regulates the visual cycle in mice by decreasing the synthesis of 11-cis-Retinal (11cRAL) and increasing all-trans-retinyl esters (atREs). EYE-003 also inhibits dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave amplitudes and provides protection against retinal degeneration in Abca4⁻/⁻Rdh8⁻/⁻ mice by dose-dependently reducing retinal autofluorescent spots and preserving outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness. EYE-003 is applicable for researching retinal disorders related to the visual cycle, such as Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1).

EYE-002 is an RPE65 inhibitor with an IC50 of 69 nM. It enhances the recovery of dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) a-/b-wave amplitudes in mice. EYE-002 regulates the visual cycle in mice by reducing 11-cisretinal (11cRAL) synthesis and increasing all-trans-retinyl esters (atREs). It offers protective effects against light-induced retinal damage in mice. EYE-002 is valuable for research on retinal disorders related to the visual cycle, such as Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1).

Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997). Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3 References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997).

β-Bag cell peptide, a neuroactive peptide, elevates cyclic AMP levels and reduces the amplitudes of voltage-dependent potassium currents [1] in bag cell neurons.

Mesembranol is an alkaloid identified in S. tortuosum with neuroinhibitory and anxiolytic-like effects. At concentrations of 17.16 and 34.32 nM, it reduces population spike amplitudes during theta burst stimulation in rat hippocampal slices. Additionally, Mesembranol (50 µM) enhances movement in the central arena in the light/dark preference test in zebrafish larvae, suggesting anxiolytic-like properties.