all-trans-retinal

All-trans-retinal (Vitamin A aldehyde) is a one of the major vitamin A metabolites in the retina. All-trans-RAL is regenerated to the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal in physiological conditions.

All-trans-retinal (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving All-trans-retinal. All-trans-retinal (Vitamin A aldehyde) is a one of the major vitamin A metabolites in the retina. All-trans-RAL is regenerated to the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal in physiological conditions.

11-cis Retinal is a chromophore that binds to opsin in the mammalian visual system as an inverse agonist forming the inactive conformation of rhodopsin. When 11-cis retinal absorbs a photon of light, it isomerizes to form all-trans retinal beginning the phototransduction cycle, which is the basis for mammalian vision. A G121L mutation in opsin allows 11-cis retinal to bind as a partial agonist and activate rhodopsin in the absence of light. In a moth model of carotenoid deficiency-induced low visual sensitivity, 11-cis retinal application to compound eyes restored visual sensitivity almost completely.

EYE-003 is an orally active RPE65 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 102 nM. It regulates the visual cycle in mice by decreasing the synthesis of 11-cis-Retinal (11cRAL) and increasing all-trans-retinyl esters (atREs). EYE-003 also inhibits dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave amplitudes and provides protection against retinal degeneration in Abca4⁻/⁻Rdh8⁻/⁻ mice by dose-dependently reducing retinal autofluorescent spots and preserving outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness. EYE-003 is applicable for researching retinal disorders related to the visual cycle, such as Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1).

EYE-002 is an RPE65 inhibitor with an IC50 of 69 nM. It enhances the recovery of dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) a-/b-wave amplitudes in mice. EYE-002 regulates the visual cycle in mice by reducing 11-cisretinal (11cRAL) synthesis and increasing all-trans-retinyl esters (atREs). It offers protective effects against light-induced retinal damage in mice. EYE-002 is valuable for research on retinal disorders related to the visual cycle, such as Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1).