acyl

MPI_5a is an effective and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 (IC50=36 nM). MPI_5a weakly inhibits other HDAC isoforms and it also inhibits acyl-tubulin accumulation in cells (IC50: 210 nM).

Levothyroxine acyl glucuronide (Thyroxine Acyl-β-D-glucuronide) is the acyl glucuronide conjugate of thyroxine (T4), an endogenous metabolite.

T3 Acyl glucuronide is the acyl glucuronide formation of triiodothyronine (T3). T3 Acyl glucuronide is an endogenous metabolite

(R)-Naproxen acyl-β-D-glucuronide ((R)-Naproxen-β-D-glucuronide) is a metabolite with anti-inflammatory properties. It serves as a sensitive fluorescent substrate for pre-glutamyl peptidase 1, producing a blue reaction upon cleavage.

Ibuprofen acyl-β-D-glucuronide (Ibuprofen glucuronide) is a selective TRPA1 antagonist. It diminishes the calcium response induced by AITC, with an IC50 value of 60μM.

Diclofenac Acyl Glucuronide (Diclofenac glucuronide) is an intestinal metabolite that accelerates intestinal ulcers.

Febuxostat acyl glucuronide is a metabolite of the xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor febuxostat . Febuxostat acyl glucuronide is formed via glucuronidation of febuxostat by uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs).

Telmisartan acyl-β-D-glucuronide is a major metabolite of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist telmisartan . It does not bind human serum albumin and is cleared from rat plasma with a clearance rate of 180 ml min kg following intravenous administration.

Dabigatran acyl-β-D-glucuronide is a major active metabolite of the thrombin inhibitor dabigatran . The prodrug of dabigatran, dabigatran etexilate , is hydrolyzed by plasma esterases to form dabigatran, which is metabolized primarily by the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoform UGT2B15 to form dabigatran acyl-β-D-glucuronide. Dabigatran acyl-β-D-glucuronide increases activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in isolated human platelet-poor plasma equipotently to dabigatran.

Etodolac acyl glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and COX inhibitor etodolac .1It is formedviaglucuronidation of etodolac by the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7. 1.Kutsuno, Y., Itoh, T., Tukey, R.H., et al.Glucuronidation of drugs and drug-induced toxicity in humanized UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 miceDrug Metab. Dispos.42(7)1146-1152(2014)

Celecoxib carboxylic acid acyl-β-D-glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of celecoxib . Celecoxib is an anti-inflammatory compound from the diaryl heterocycle class that selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; IC50s = 22.9 and 0.05 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively). Celecoxib carboxylic acid acyl-β-D-glucuronide is a minor metabolite, accounting for 2% of the administered dose in human urine and rat bile.

Simvastatin Acyl-β-D-glucuronide, a metabolite formed from Simvastatin, acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, showcasing a potent Ki of 0.2 nM.

Methyl-PEG4-acyl chloride is a PEG-based linker for PROTACs that connects two essential ligands, facilitating the formation of PROTAC molecules and enabling selective protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system within cells.

Ferulic acid acyl-β-D-glucoside, a metabolite of Ferulic Acid, is a novel inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). It exhibits IC50 values of 3.78 µM and 12.5 µM for FGFR1 and FGFR2, respectively.

UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAc (UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine), an E. coli metabolite, is involved in the 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (KDO) biosynthesis pathway [1].

Acyl coenzyme A synthetase (ACS), also known as acetyl coenzyme A synthetase, catalyzes the activation of fatty acids via coenzyme A through a two-step thioesterification process, forming acyl coenzyme A. It is crucial in anabolic and catabolic lipid metabolism pathways and contributes to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle during aerobic respiration [1].

Perindopril acyl-β-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of the ACE inhibitor perindopril [1].

UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAc diammonium functions as a metabolite in E. coli, playing a critical role in the biosynthesis pathway of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (KDO) [1].

Dabigatran acyl-β-D-glucuronide, an active metabolite of the thrombin inhibitor dabigatran, is synthesized predominantly through the action of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoform UGT2B15. This compound, at a concentration of 0.46 µM, effectively prolongs activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in isolated human platelet-poor plasma.

Indomethacin acyl glucuronide, a metabolite of the COX inhibitor indomethacin (1), embodies an essential byproduct formed during the metabolic processing of indomethacin.

Chenodeoxycholic acid 24-acyl-β-D-glucuronide (CDCA-24G), a metabolite of CDCA, is synthesized from CDCA via the action of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UG UT) isoform UGT1A3.

(S)-Ibuprofen acyl-β-D-glucuronide ((S)-Ibuprofen glucuronide) serves as a crucial analytical tool in examining the metabolic pathways and pharmacokinetic profile of S-ibuprofen, a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. This compound is specifically an acylglucuronic acid metabolite of S-ibuprofen, synthesized primarily in the liver [1].

UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAc (UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine) Tris functions as a metabolite in E. coli, participating in the biosynthesis pathway of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (KDO) [1].

Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP) (65-74) is an active fragment of the Acyl Carrier Protein, which is a component of plastid-located plant fatty acid synthetase. It covalently binds acyl groups via the prosthetic group, 4-phosphopantetheine, during fatty acid biosynthesis.