α-hydroxybutyrate

β-Hydroxybutyrate phenylalanine (BHB-Phe) is a ketone body metabolite resulting from the conjugation of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) with the essential amino acid L-phenylalanine. It is synthesized endogenously by cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase 2 (CNDP2) in the process of ketogenesis. In diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, a daily dose of BHB-Phe (50 mg/kg) leads to a reduction in food intake, body weight, and the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) without altering activity, oxygen consumption (VO2), or carbon dioxide production (VCO2).

β-Hydroxybutyrate methionine is a conjugate of β-Hydroxybutyrate and methionine. This compound is applicable in obesity research.

(S)-3-Hydroxybutyrate (sodium salt) is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T67018 and the CAS number is 127604-16-4.

3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (3-HBDH), a mitochondrial enzyme, plays a crucial role in the metabolism of ketone bodies and butanoate, catalyzing the conversion of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate into acetoacetate [1]. This enzyme is frequently utilized in biochemical studies due to its involvement in both the synthesis and degradation of key metabolic substances.

Ethyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is an organic compound commonly utilized as a raw material in chiral chemical synthesis. It finds application in the production of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, fine chemicals, and food additives, being extensively employed in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Moreover, the compound serves as a substrate or intermediate in certain biochemical reactions.

Sodium 2-hydroxybutanoate (alpha-hydroxybutyrate) is formed as a by-product of the formation of alpha-ketobutyrate via a reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) or alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alphaHBDH).

Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate, a fragrance, is found in Tribolium castaneum and wine.

1,3-Butanediol (BD) is a ketogenic substance. Ketone bodies are essential energy substrates in the absence of exogenous nutrients, and more recently, they have been suggested to prevent disease and improve longevity.

(R)-Methyl 3-hydroxybutanoate is an enantiomer where the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the third carbon atom is oriented to the right when viewed from the methyl (-CH3) group. It appears as a colorless and transparent liquid, soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether but insoluble in water. This compound is commonly used as a building block in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and flavorings. Additionally, it serves as a chiral auxiliary in asymmetric synthesis reactions, which involve the stereoselective formation of chemical bonds.

Sodium 2-hydroxybutanoate (Standard) is the standard substance of Sodium 2-hydroxybutanoate, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Sodium 2-hydroxybutanoate (alpha-hydroxybutyrate) is formed as a by-product of the formation of alpha-ketobutyrate via a reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) or alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alphaHBDH).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybutyrate is an ester compound utilised in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Ethyl (S)-3-hydroxybutanoate is commonly used as a flavoring and fragrance agent in the food and cosmetics industries due to its fruity and sweet aroma and taste. Additionally, its potential use as a starting material for synthesizing various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, has been investigated.

Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5 Diaminohydroxybutyrate is a bioactive peptide recognized for its anti-aging properties and is commonly utilized as an ingredient in cosmetics [1].