α Amylase

α-Amylase, a hydrolase enzyme, catalyzes the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, producing glucose and maltose.

Bacterial α-Amylase is an enzyme produced by bacteria that catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction of starch into smaller sugar molecules such as maltose and glucose, and can be used to study starch metabolism and enzymatic mechanisms.

α-Amylase-IN-1 is an α-Amylase inhibitor (IC50: 0.5509 μM). α-Amylase-IN-1 has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 53.49 μM for scavenging of DPPH free radicals, and can be used in the study of diabetes and oxidative stress-related diseases.

α-Amylase-IN-8 (compound 44) serves as an inhibitor of α-amylase, exhibiting an IC 50 value of 58.1 μM. It is utilized in type 2 diabetes research.

α-Amylase-IN-9 (Compound 1i) is an inhibitor of α-Amylase with an IC50 value of 14.64 μM and is utilized in diabetes research.

α-Amylase-IN-10 (Compound 15n) is an inhibitor of α-Amylase, with an IC50 of 5.00 µM. This compound is applicable for research in type 2 diabetes.

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-18 (Compound 9g) is an inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 49.17 nM and 10.71 nM, respectively. It is suitable for research related to type 2 diabetes.

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-17 (Compound 3) is an inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 14.61 μM and 25.38 μM, respectively. It exhibits some inhibitory activity against A549 cancer cells and possesses both antitumor and antidiabetic properties.

α-Amylase-IN-11 (compound C5f) is an α-amylase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.56 μM, effective in reducing glucose levels in vivo. Additionally, it exhibits moderate inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with an IC50 of 11.03 μM. In mouse models, α-Amylase-IN-11 significantly decreases glucose concentrations, indicating its potential for diabetes research.

α-Amylase-IN-12 (Compound 5e) is an α-amylase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.15 mM, functioning through a mixed inhibition mode. It exhibits an IC50 of 9.40 mM against α-glucosidase. This compound enhances glucose uptake in yeast cells and demonstrates significant anti-glycation activity at high concentrations. α-Amylase-IN-12 is applicable for diabetes research.

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-1 (compound 33) is an effective inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 2.01 and 2.09 μM, respectively. Kinetic studies predict that α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-1 has potential anti-hyperglycemia properties [1].

α-Amylase-IN-3 (Compound 4) is a non-competitive inhibitor of α-Amylase with an IC50 value of 18.04 μM. It exhibits radical scavenging activities with IC50 values of 16.04 μM for DPPH and 16.99 μM for ABTS. α-Amylase-IN-3 demonstrates good protein–ligand interaction characteristics for α-Amylase, and may possess pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, contributing to the research of diabetes and oxidative stress-associated diseases[1].

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-2 (compound 5) exhibits strong inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, with IC50 values of 13.02 μM and 13.09 μM, respectively, showing promise for investigating diabetic complications [1].

α-Glucosidase-IN-3, an oxime ester derivative of oleanolic acid (OA), exhibits inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.28 µM) and α-amylase (IC50 = 3.8 µM).

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-5 (compound 4l) functions as a dual inhibitor, effectively inhibiting both α-glucosidase (Glucosidase) and α-amylase (Amylases) with IC50 values of 5.96 μM and 1.62 μM, respectively, exhibiting potential for antidiabetic activity [1].

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-3 (Compound 17) is a dual inhibitor of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase, with IC50 values of 0.70 μM and 1.10 μM, respectively, applicable for type-II diabetes mellitus research [1].

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-4 (compound 5), a dual inhibitor targeting α-amylase (Amylases) and α-glucosidase (Glucosidase), exhibits potent inhibition with IC50 values of 1.10 μM and 0.15 μM respectively, and is noted for its potential antidiabetic activity [1].

α-Amylase-IN-4 (Compd 10y) exhibits the highest amylase inhibition with an IC50 value of 17.83 ± 0.14 μg mL [1].

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-6 (compound 5j) is a potent dual inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 17.0 µM and 40.1 µM, respectively, and demonstrates anti-hyperglycemic activities [1].

α-Amylase α-Glucosidase-IN-7 (Compound 3f) serves as a competitive inhibitor for the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase, exhibiting IC50 values of 18.52 µM and 20.25 µM, respectively. Additionally, it effectively inhibits AChE and BChE, with IC50 values of 9.25 µM and 10.06 µM, respectively. This compound is useful in research related to diabetes and Alzheimer's [1].

α-Amylase-IN-5 (compound 3a) acts as an α-amylase inhibitor and exhibits an inhibition concentration (IC 50) of 18.8 mM [1].

Amylase (Diastase) is any one of a group of enzymes which catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose.

Pinocembrin 7-O-[3''-O-galloyl-4'',6''-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucoside can moderately inhibit α-amylase activity, with an IC50 value of 0.03 µmol ml.

7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin (4',7-DIMETHOXY-5-HYDROXYFLAVONE) can inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes and enhance 2-NBDG uptake in L6 cells, it has hypolipidemic effect on mouse pre-adipocyte (3T3L1) cell lines.