Polygalacin D shows anti- proliferation, anti-inflammary, and hepatoprotective activities, it can inhibit the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced iNOS and COX-2 protein and mRNA without an appreciable cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 macrophages, and can suppress induction by LPS of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

Lancerin, extracted from the root bark of Cudrania cochinchinensis, exhibits antioxidative activity against lipid peroxidation.

Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) is a triterpenoid isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd that inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can significantly improve the responsiveness of the cholinergic system, such as decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can also inhibit IL-1β-induced Wnt/β-catenin activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in chondrocytes, and is used in osteoarthritis (OA) related research.

Polygalasaponin possesses evident anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities and has a relatively safe dose range, which supports the use of Polygala tenuifolia root as an anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic drug in folk medicine.

Polygalasaponin F has anti-neuroinflammatory activity, can inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and NO induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and reduce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases. Polygalasaponin F can significantly i

Euxanthone (1,7-Dihydroxyxanthone), an xanthone derivative extracted from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd, has antitumour, neuroprotective and vasorelaxant activities, and attenuates Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by inducing autophagy.SB-674042 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674042 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674043 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674044 is used for the treatment of depression.SB-674045 is used for the treatment of depression. 2A (BU-1) cell differentiation.

Arillanin A is a natural product from Polygala tenuifolia Willd.

Tenuifoliose A is a natural oligosaccharide ester derived from Polygala tenuifolia Willd., widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Tenuifoliose H is a defined oligosaccharide ester compound that is extracted and purified from the roots of the medicinal plant Polygala tenuifolia. this natural product is primarily utilized in pharmacological research for its documented and potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological activities, which are studied in various in vitro and in vivo model systems.

1,2,3,6,7-Pentamethoxyxanthone is a naturally occurring xanthone derivative isolated from Polygala tenuifolia that exhibits significant cardioprotective properties. 1,2,3,6,7-Pentamethoxyxanthone demonstrates antioxidant activity and anti-apoptotic effects, thereby protecting cardiac tissue from oxidative stress and programmed cell death. This compound provides important insights into natural cardioprotective mechanisms and is relevant in pharmacological studies of cardiovascular disease.

Tenuifoliose J is a naturally occurring product isolated from Polygala tenuifolia Willd, and Tenuifoliose J represents one of the structurally diverse secondary metabolites found in this species, which is traditionally used in ethnomedicine, and Tenuifoliose J is of pharmacological interest in natural product chemistry for its potential contributions to neuroactive and adaptogenic research fields.

Verbascose is an oligosaccharide and non-reducing sugar that can regulate and enhance the immune function of RAW264.7 macrophages, increasing their proliferation activity, phagocytic activity, NO release, and cytokine secretion levels, and also has the potential to regulate intestinal microecological balance.

Pentyl Propanoate is an ester compound widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Sibiricose A1 is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN5016 and the CAS number is 139726-40-2.

7-Z-Trifostigmanoside I is a natural product from Polygala hongkongensis Hemsl.

Senegose J is an oligosaccharide component extracted from Polygala senega var. latifolia.

Polygalasaponin XXXV is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN6533 and the CAS number is 184479-28-5.

Polygalasaponin XLIX is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN6532 and the CAS number is 1033593-12-2.

Sibiricaxanthone A (Sibiricaxanthone A) is a natural product from Polygala tenuifolia

1,7-Dihydroxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone exhibits antiulcerogenic, anti-oxidation, and antihyperalgesic activities and can inhibit carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia.

4-Hydroxyvertixanthone is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN4522 and the CAS number is 85003-85-6.

Onjisaponin F(Polygalasaponin XXXI) acts non-competitively against cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, like papaverine; it also exhibits a prolongation effect on hexobarbital sleeping time in mice.

Polygalasaponin E is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN6531 and the CAS number is 882664-72-4.

1,7-Dimethoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN2521 and the CAS number is 145523-71-3.