Allicin exerts antioxidant, bactericidal, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, it exerts an inhibitory immunomodulatory effect on intestinal epithelial cells. Allicin could significantly inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells' proliferation and migration induced by insulin, which may be related to the inhibition of the activation of ERK signal path. Allicin is beneficial in reducing blood cholesterol, triglycerides levels and systolic blood pressure in hypercholesterolemic rats, it may beneficially affect two risk factors for atherosclerosis-hyperlipidemia and hypertension.

Diallyl disulfide has antitumor effect, the effect can be enhanced by miR-200b and miR-22.

1-PeCSO is isolated from onion or garlic bulbs. It acts as a key compound in garlic greening and reacts with lachrymatory factor synthase.

Alliin ((S)-3-(Allylsulphinyl)-L-alanine) is a garlic organosulfur compound that possesses various pharmacological properties.alliin protected against LPS-induced ALI by activating PPARγ, which subsequently inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory response. Alliin might be used as an anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of ALI.

S-allyl-L-cysteine (S-Allylcysteine), a natural constituent of fresh garlic, has antioxidant and anticancer properties in animals.

Quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside possesses antioxidant activities.

Allitol (d-allitol) is a substrate for the production of L-form ketoses and aldoses.

1. Lycobetaine (Ungeremine) is a potential biofungicide against Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus niger.2. Lycobetaine have strong antibacterial activity against Flavobacterium columnare . 3. Lycobetaine effectively targets mammalian as well as bacterial type I and type II topoisomerases.4. Lycobetaine shows strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity(IC(50) value of 0.35 microM). 5. Lycobetaine has antiprotozoal activity, it shows good activity in in vitro assays against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi.