transcription factor 1

Transcription factor that binds to the octamer motif (5'-ATTTGCAT-3'). Forms a trimeric complex with SOX2 or SOX15 on DNA and controls the expression of a number of genes involved in embryonic development such as YES1, FGF4, UTF1 and ZFP206. Critical for early embryogenesis and for embryonic stem cell pluripotency. POU5F1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (B2M & His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-B2M tag. The predicted molecular weight is 52.6 kDa and the accession number is Q01860.

Recognizes the ribosomal RNA gene promoter and activates transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I through cooperative interactions with the transcription factor SL1 TIF-IB complex. It binds specifically to the upstream control element. Nucleolar transcription factor 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Cell-Free, His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 107.9 kDa and the accession number is P17480.

Recognizes the ribosomal RNA gene promoter and activates transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I through cooperative interactions with the transcription factor SL1 TIF-IB complex. It binds specifically to the upstream control element. Nucleolar transcription factor 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (E. coli, His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 95.2 kDa and the accession number is P17480.

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1-Alpha Beta (STAT1) contains one SH2 domain and belongs to the transcription factor STAT family. When tyrosine- and serine-phosphorylated, STAT1 can form a homodimer termed IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), migrate into the nucleus and bind to the IFN gamma activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of the target genes, inducing a cellular antiviral state. STAT1 functions as signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons. Defects in STAT1 are the cause of STAT1 deficiency complete and familial candidiasis type 7.

Endothelial Differentiation-Related Factor 1 (EDF1) is a 148 amino acid transcriptional coactivator that contains 1 HTH cro C1-type DNA-binding domain. It has been postulated that the protein functions as a bridging molecule that interconnects regulatory proteins and the basal transcriptional machinery, thereby modulating the transcription of genes involved in endothelial differentiation. When endothelial cells are induced to differentiate in vitro, EDF1 is downregulated, leading to inhibition of cell growth and cell polarization. EDF1 binds calmodulin thorough its IQ domain and regulates nitric oxide synthase activity through calmodulin sequestration in the cytoplasm. Though ubiquitously expressed, EDF1 is most abundant in adult liver, heart, adipose tissues, intestine and pancreas. In fetal tissues, EDF1 is most abundant in kidney. There are two isoforms of EDF1 that are produced as a result of alternative splicing events.

DCBLD2, also known as ESDN and CLCP1, localizes in various compartments. DCBLD2 is up-regulated in lung cancers and is regulated by transcription factor AP-2 alpha (TFAP2A), a component of activator protein-2 (AP-2) that is known to regulate IL-8 production in human lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells. DCBLD2 could be related to FEV(1)-related phenotypes in asthmatics. DCBLD2 gene is expressed at very high level. DCBLD2 is proposed to participate in processes such as intracellular receptor mediated signaling pathway, negative regulation of cell growth and so on.

TFAP2C, also known as AP2-GAMMA, is a member of the activating protein 2 family of transcription factors. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM MUC18, C EBP alpha and MYC. TFAP2C may be prognostic indicators for patients with breast tumors. TFAP2C gene has been tested for association to diseases (Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma) and proposed to participate in processes (cell-cell signaling, male gonad development, regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter). Proteins are expected to have molecular functions (DNA binding, protein binding, protein dimerization activity, transcription factor activity) and to localize in various compartments (membrane, nucleus).

HBP1 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor. It is involved in many biological processes. It was reported that HBP1 binds to p16(INK4A) promoter and activates p16(INK4A) expression. We found that trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of HDAC (histone deacetylase), induces p16(INK4A) expression in an HBP1-dependent manner. HBP1 activates or represses the expression of some specific genes during cell growth and differentiation. HBP1 was acetylated by p3 CBP in two regions: repression domain (K297 35 37) and P domain (K171 419). HBP1 acetylation after TSA treatment was confirmed by immunoprecipitation assay. HBP1 interacted with histone acetyltransferase p3 and CREB-binding protein (CBP) and also recruited p3 CBP to p16(INK4A) promoter. HBP1 acetylation at K419 plays an important role in HBP1-induced p16(INK4A) expression.

NR2F1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.

Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2 SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator.

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF12 LARG). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling also regulates protein phosphatese 2A activation causing dephosphorylation of its target proteins. Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA ROCK signaling pathway and up-regulating proinflammatory cytokine production. Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation. Together with NAPA promotes CDH5 localization to plasma membrane. May play a role in the control of cell migration through the TOR signaling cascade.

POU2F3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli with N-10xHis. The accession number is Q9UKI9.

CNOT1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli with N-6xHis. The accession number is A5YKK6.

FOXC1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli with N-6xHis. The accession number is Q12948.

E2F1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli with N-10xHis. The accession number is Q01094.

Transcriptional repressor protein YY1(YY1)contains 4 C2H2-type zinc fingers and belongs to the YY transcription factor family. Multifunctional transcription factor exhibits positive and negative control on a large number of cellular and viral genes by binding to sites overlapping the transcription start site. The effect on transcription regulation of the protein is depending upon the context in which it binds and diverse mechanisms of action include direct activation or repression, indirect activation or repression via cofactor recruitment, or activation or repression by disruption of binding sites or conformational DNA changes. Its activity is regulated by transcription factors and cytoplasmic proteins that have been shown to abrogate or completely inhibit YY1-mediated activation or repression.

Krueppel-Like Factor 6 (KLF6) belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. KLF6 contains three C2H2-type zinc fingers and localizes in the nucleus. KLF6 expression is highest in the placenta followed by spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, small intestinem and colon. However, it is weakly expressed in the pancreas, lung, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. KLF6 functions as a transcriptional activator and could play a role in B-cell growth and development. Defects in KLF6 will result in gastric cancer and prostate cancer.

NR3C1 (Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 3 Group C Member 1) is a Protein Coding gene. This gene encodes glucocorticoid receptor, which can function both as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements in the promoters of glucocorticoid responsive genes to activate their transcription, and as a regulator of other transcription factors. NR3C1 is a transcriptional regulator of many drug-metabolizing enzymes and anti-inflammatory molecules. NR3C1 polymorphisms associate with obesity, muscle strength, and cortisol sensitivity. Glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphism (NR3C1 646 C>G) may play an important role in the development of severe bronchial asthma and resistance to glucocorticoids (GCs). Disturbances in the structure and function of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) alter the glucocorticoid regulation of the corticotropin-releasing hormone, which leads to nonspecific activation of numerous receptors in the brain and alters the metabolism.

Neuropilin-1 (Npn-1, previously neuropilin; also CD304) is a 130 - 140 kDa type I transmembrane (TM) glycoprotein that regulates axon guidance and angiogenesis. Two homologues, Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2, are identified. Neuropilin-1 binds to semaphorin 3A, The PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, The VEGF-165 isoform of VEGF and VEGF-B. Coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF-165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis. It may regulate VEGF-induced angiogenesis. The soluble isoform 2 binds VEGF-165 and appears to inhibit its binding to cells. NRP1 expression is regulated in EC by tumor necrosis factor-alpha, the transcription factors dHAND and Ets-1, and vascular injury. NRP1 upregulation is positively correlated with the progression of various tumors.

Interferon-gamma receptor beta chain (IFNgammaR2), also known as IFNGR2, belongs to the type II cytokine receptor family, whose deficiency is a cause of autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD), also known as familial disseminated atypical mycobacterial infection. This accessory factor is an integral part of the IFN-gamma signal transduction pathway and is likely to interact with GAF, JAK1, and or JAK2. IFNGR2 is a component of the IFNgamma receptor complex along with the IFNgammaR alpha chain (IFNGR1) and is a new Bax suppressor. The C-terminal fragment (cytoplasmic domain) of IFNgammaR2 is expressed in human cancer cell lines of megakaryocytic cancer (DAMI), breast cancer (MDA-MD-468), and prostate cancer (PC3 cells). The Th1 cytokine IFNgamma, acting through its heterodimeric receptors, IFNgammaR1 and IFNgammaR2, in the induction proliferation of Th1 cells, might suppress the Th2 responses that may underlie atopic asthma. IFNGR2 has always been seen as a key mechanism for shielding T lymphocytes from the antiproliferative effects of the IFNgamma-signal transducer and activator of the transcription 1 (STAT1) pathway.

The eotaxin subfamily of CC chemokines consists of eotaxin-1 CCL11, eotaxin-2 CCL24 and eotaxin-3 CCL26. All eotaxins induce the trafficking of eosinophils to the sites of inflammation via CC chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3), which is also expressed by several different cell types, including basophils, dendritic cells, smooth muscle cells, epithelial cells and fibroblasts. The sequence similarity between the three eotaxins is limited (<4%), but their functional properties are very similar. Eotaxin-1 and -2 are expressed by both haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cells, but eotaxin-3 expression has been reported to be limited to non-haematopoietic cells. Interleukin (IL)-4 is the main inducer for eotaxin-3 expression, whereas eotaxin-1 is up-regulated by IL-4 and the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Eotaxin-3 is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and human dermal fibroblasts after IL-4 and IL-13 stimulation, and this is dependent upon the IL-4- IL-13-specific transcription factor, signal transducers and activator of transcription (STAT)-6. Eotaxin-3 is expressed on the surface of IL-4-stimulated endothelial cells and promotes eosinophil transmigration.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy

Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Component of the CREST-BRG1 complex, a multiprotein complex that regulates promoter activation by orchestrating the calcium-dependent release of a repressor complex and the recruitment of an activator complex. In resting neurons, transcription of the c-FOS promoter is inhibited by SMARCA4-dependent recruitment of a phospho-RB1-HDAC repressor complex. Upon calcium influx, RB1 is dephosphorylated by calcineurin, which leads to release of the repressor complex. At the same time, there is increased recruitment of CREBBP to the promoter by a CREST-dependent mechanism, which leads to transcriptional activation. The CREST-BRG1 complex also binds to the NR2B promoter, and activity-dependent induction of NR2B expression involves the release of HDAC1 and recruitment of CREBBP. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural development, a switch from a stem progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A BAF53A and PHF10 BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B BAF53B and DPF1 BAF45B or DPF3 BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth. SMARCA4 BAF190A may promote neural stem cell self-renewal proliferation by enhancing Notch-dependent proliferative signals, while concurrently making the neural stem cell insensitive to SHH-dependent differentiating cues. Acts as a corepressor of ZEB1 to regulate E-cadherin transcription and is required for induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by ZEB1. Binds via DLX1 to enhancers located in the intergenic region between DLX5 and DLX6 and this binding is stabilized by the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Evf2. Binds to RNA in a promiscuous manner. Binding to RNAs including lncRNA Evf2 leads to inhibition of SMARCA4 ATPase and chromatin remodeling activities.

Binds to the PU-box, a purine-rich DNA sequence (5'-GAGGAA-3') that can act as a lymphoid-specific enhancer. This protein is a transcriptional activator that may be specifically involved in the differentiation or activation of macrophages or B-cells. Also binds RNA and may modulate pre-mRNA splicing.

TEAD4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.7 kDa and the accession number is Q15561.